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Medical Terminology > 8. Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

8. Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of menstrual flow

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2
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstrual flow

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3
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Pregnancy that is not in the uterus

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4
Q

Endometriosis

A

Tissue from the inner lining of the uterus occurs abnormally in other pelvic or abdominal locations

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5
Q

Fibroids

A

Benign tumours in the uterus, also called leiomyoma

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6
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Excessive discharge of blood from the uterus during menstruations

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7
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Inflammation in the region of the pelvis, often caused by bacterial infection

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8
Q

Coloscopy

A

Visual examination of the vagina and cervix with a colposcope

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9
Q

Conization

A

Removal of a cone shaped section of the cervix for biopsy

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10
Q

Hysterosalpingography

A

X-ray imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes

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11
Q

Mammography

A

X-ray of he breast

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12
Q

Pelvic Ultrasonography

A

Procedure that produces an image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the pelvic region

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13
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid for chemical and chromosomal analysis

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14
Q

Aspiration

A

Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac. Fluid is analyzed for the presence of malignant cells

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15
Q

Pap smear

A

Scrapings of secretions from the cervix and vagina spread on a
glass slide to test for presence of cervical or vaginal disease

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16
Q

Pregnancy test

A

Measurement of HCG, a hormone in blood and urine that indicates pregnancy

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17
Q

CS

A

cesarean section

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18
Q

D&C

A

Dilation and curettage

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19
Q

DUB

A

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

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20
Q

GYN

A

gynecology

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21
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

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22
Q

IVF

A

In vitro fertilization

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23
Q

OB

A

Obstetrics

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24
Q

PID

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

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25
Q

TAH-BSO

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy with

bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

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26
Q

Cervix

A

lower neck like portion of the uterus

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27
Q

Embryo

A

Stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

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28
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus

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29
Q

Estrogen

A

hormone produced by the ovaries.

Builds up the endometrial lining

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30
Q

Fallopian tube

A

One of a pair of ducts though with the ovum travels to the uterus.

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31
Q

Fertilization

A

Union of the sperm and ovum from which the embryo develops.

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32
Q

Fetus

A

Stage in prenatal development from 8 weeks to birth.

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33
Q

Fimbriae

A

Finger like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes.

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34
Q

FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone.

Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the ovum.

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35
Q

Gamete

A

Male of female sexual reproductive cell.

Sperm or egg cell (ovum.)

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36
Q

Gestation

A

Time period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

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37
Q

hCG

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin.

Hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone.

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38
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone.

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

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39
Q

Ovary

A

One of a pair of female organs on each side of the pelvis. Ovaries are almond-shaped, about the size of large walnuts and produce egg cells (ova) and hormones.

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40
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain. It produces hormones that stimulate the ovaries. The pituitary gland also regulates other endocrine organs.

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41
Q

Placenta

A

vascular organ attached to the uterine wall during pregnancy. It permits the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products between mother and fetus.

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42
Q

Progesterone

A

Hormone produced but eh corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of a pregnant women.

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43
Q

Uterus

A

Hollow pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop.

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44
Q

Vagina

A

Muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from uterus tot he exterior of the body

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45
Q

Vulva

A

External female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris and the vaginal oriface.

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46
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.

This is an emergency situation.

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47
Q

Placenta previa

A

Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus

48
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema and heachache.

49
Q

HDN

A

Hemolytic disease in the newborn.
Destruction of red blood cells in the newborn caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between mother and fetus.

50
Q

Cesarean section

C section

A

Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus.

51
Q

Amnion

A

Innermost membrane surrounding the embryo and fetus

52
Q

Areola

A

Dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple

53
Q

Bartholin glands

A

Small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice

54
Q

Chorion

A

Outermost membrane surrounding the embryo and fetus;]] it forms part of the placenta

55
Q

Gestation

A

Time period from fertilization of the ovum to birth

56
Q

Gonad

A

Female or make reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis

57
Q

Gynecology

A

Study of female reproductive organs, including the breasts

58
Q

Hymen

A

Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina

59
Q

Labia

A

Lips of the vagina, labia majora are the larger, outermost lips and the labia minora are the smaller innermost lips

60
Q

Lactiferous ducts

A

Tubes that carry milk from the mammary glands and the nipple

61
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation

62
Q

Menarche

A

Beginning of the first menstrual period and ability to reproduce

63
Q

Menopause

A

Gradual ending of menstruation

64
Q

Menstruation

A

Monthly shedding of the uterine lining.

65
Q

Myometrium

A

Muscle layer of the uterus.

66
Q

Neonatology

A

Study of the medical care of the newborn (neonate)

67
Q

Obstetrics

A

Branch of medicine and surgery concerned with pregnancy and childbirth.

68
Q

Orifice

A

an opening

69
Q

Ovarian follicle

A

Developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary. Only about 400 of these sacs mature in a woman’s lifetime.

70
Q

Ovulation

A

Release of the ovum from the ovary

71
Q

Perineum

A

In females, the area between the anus and the vagina

72
Q

Zygote

A

Stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation up to 2 weeks.

73
Q

amni/o

A

amnion

74
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix, neck

75
Q

chori/o

Chorion/o

A

Chorion

76
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

77
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

78
Q

galact/o

A

milk

79
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

80
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus, womb

81
Q

lact/o

A

milk

82
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

83
Q

mast/o

A

breast

84
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

85
Q

metr/o

metri/o

A

uterus

86
Q

my/o

myom/o

A

muscle, muscle tumour

87
Q

nat/i

A

birth

88
Q

obstetr/o

A

pregnancy and childbirth

89
Q

o/o

A

egg

90
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

91
Q

ov/o

A

egg

92
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

93
Q

ovul/o

A

egg

94
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

95
Q

phor/o

A

to bear

96
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tubes

97
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

98
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

99
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva

100
Q

-arche

A

beginning

101
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

102
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant

103
Q

-parous

A

bearing, bringing forth

104
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge

105
Q

-salpinx

A

fallopian tube

106
Q

-tocia

A

labour, birth

107
Q

-version

A

act of turning

108
Q

dys-

A

painful

109
Q

endo-

A

within

110
Q

in-

A

in

111
Q

intra-

A

within

112
Q

multi-

A

many

113
Q

nulli-

A

no, not, none

114
Q

pre-

A

before

115
Q

primi-

A

first

116
Q

retro-

A

backward

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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