11. Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall from atherosclerosis

Answer 1

Aneurysm

Question 2

Chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart muscle

Answer 2

Angina

Question 3

Abnormal heartbeat (rhythm)

Answer 3

Arrhythmia

Question 4

Hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol like plaque

Answer 4

Atheroschlerosis

Question 5

Inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood. Blood accumulates in the lungs, causing pulmonary edema

Answer 5

Congestive Heart Failure

Question 6

High blood pressure

Answer 6

Hypertension

Question 7

Heart attack

Answer 7

Myocardial Infarction

Question 8

A group of signs and symptoms indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart.

Answer 8

Shock

Question 9

Cardiac Enzyme Tests

Answer 9

Measurements of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack. (Troponin)

Question 10

Lipid tests

Answer 10

Measurement of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood

Question 11

Lipoprotein tests

Answer 11

Measurement of high-density lipoprotein (HCL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 12

Angiography

Answer 12

Recording blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the blood stream

Question 13

Cardiac catheterization

Answer 13

Introducing a catheter into a vein or artery to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood

Question 14

Doppler Ultrasound

Answer 14

Measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves

Question 15

Echocardiography

Answer 15

Producing electricity flowing through the heart

Question 16

Holter Monitoring

Answer 16

Detection of abnormal heart rhythms that involves having a patient wear compact version of an electrocardiograph for 24 hours

Question 17

MRI

Answer 17

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

-Producing an image, by beaming magnetic waves at the heart that gives detailed information

Question 18

MUGA scan

Answer 18

Imaging the motion of heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple-gated acquisition scan with uses radioactive chemicals.

Question 19

PET scan

Answer 19

Positron Emission Tomography Scan

-radioactive chemicals, which release radioactive particles, are injected into the bloodstream and travel to the heart

Question 20

Stress Test

Answer 20

An ECG plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements show the heart’s response to physical exertion (treadmill test)

Question 21

Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi Scan

Answer 21

A radioactive chemical is injected intravenously and shows perfusion (flow) of blood in the heart muscle

Question 22

Thallium Scan

Answer 22

Radioactive test that shows where injected thallium-201 localizes in heart muscles

Question 23

ACS

Answer 23

Acute coronary syndromes which lead to plaque/clot formation and heart attack

Question 24

AMI

Answer 24

Acute myocardial infarction

Question 25

BP

Answer 25

Blood pressure

Question 26

CABG

Answer 26

Coronary artery bypass grafting | -surgical placement of vessels, either vein or artery to detour blocked coronary arteries

Question 27

CAD

Answer 27

Coronary artery disease

Question 28

CCU

Answer 28

Coronary care unit

Question 29

CHF

Answer 29

Congestive Heart failure

Question 30

ECG

Answer 30

Elecrtrocardiography

Question 31

ECHO

Answer 31

Echocardiography

Question 32

HTN

Answer 32

Hypertension | High blood pressure

Question 33

PCI

Answer 33

Percutaneous coronary intervention | placement of a catheter and a stent in a coronary artery to open the artery; balloon angioplasty