11. Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall from atherosclerosis
Aneurysm
Chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart muscle
Angina
Abnormal heartbeat (rhythm)
Arrhythmia
Hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol like plaque
Atheroschlerosis
Inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood. Blood accumulates in the lungs, causing pulmonary edema
Congestive Heart Failure
High blood pressure
Hypertension
Heart attack
Myocardial Infarction
A group of signs and symptoms indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart.
Shock
Cardiac Enzyme Tests
Measurements of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack. (Troponin)
Lipid tests
Measurement of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood
Lipoprotein tests
Measurement of high-density lipoprotein (HCL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
Angiography
Recording blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the blood stream
Cardiac catheterization
Introducing a catheter into a vein or artery to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood
Doppler Ultrasound
Measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves
Echocardiography
Producing electricity flowing through the heart
Holter Monitoring
Detection of abnormal heart rhythms that involves having a patient wear compact version of an electrocardiograph for 24 hours
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
-Producing an image, by beaming magnetic waves at the heart that gives detailed information
MUGA scan
Imaging the motion of heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple-gated acquisition scan with uses radioactive chemicals.
PET scan
Positron Emission Tomography Scan
-radioactive chemicals, which release radioactive particles, are injected into the bloodstream and travel to the heart
Stress Test
An ECG plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements show the heart’s response to physical exertion (treadmill test)
Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi Scan
A radioactive chemical is injected intravenously and shows perfusion (flow) of blood in the heart muscle
Thallium Scan
Radioactive test that shows where injected thallium-201 localizes in heart muscles
ACS
Acute coronary syndromes which lead to plaque/clot formation and heart attack
AMI
Acute myocardial infarction
BP
Blood pressure
CABG
Coronary artery bypass grafting
-surgical placement of vessels, either vein or artery to detour blocked coronary arteries
CAD
Coronary artery disease
CCU
Coronary care unit
CHF
Congestive Heart failure
ECG
Elecrtrocardiography
ECHO
Echocardiography
HTN
Hypertension
High blood pressure
PCI
Percutaneous coronary intervention
placement of a catheter and a stent in a coronary artery to open the artery; balloon angioplasty
