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Medical Terminology > 2. Pertaining to the Body as a Whole > Flashcards

2. Pertaining to the Body as a Whole Flashcards

1
Q

anabolism

A

Process of building up large proteins from amino acids (small proteins)

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2
Q

catabolism

A

Process of breaking down large complex nutrients into simpler substances and releasing energy

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3
Q

cell membrane

A

Structure surrounding and protecting the cell.

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4
Q

chromosomes

A

Rod shaped structures in the nucleus of cells that contain genes

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5
Q

cytoplasm

A

All the material that is within the cell membrane but minus the nucleus

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6
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Chemical within each chromosome that directs the activities of the cell.

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7
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Network of canals in the cytoplasm of the cell where large proteins are made.

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8
Q

karyotype

A

Classification of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell. Pictures of the chromosomes are usually arranged in numerical order.

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9
Q

metabolism

A

All of the chemical processes of the cell.

Both anabolism and catabolism

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10
Q

mitochondria

A

Rod shaped structure in cytoplasm of cell that is the principle source of producing energy.

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11
Q

nucleus

A

The control centre of the cell. It directs all the cells activities.

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12
Q

adipose tissue

A

fat cells

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13
Q

cartilage

A

Connective tissue attached to bones at joints.

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14
Q

epithelial cells

A

Cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surface of organs. Skin cells.

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15
Q

Histologist

A

One who specializes in the study of tissues

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16
Q

larynx

A

Voice box. (above the trachea)

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17
Q

pharynx

A

Throat.

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18
Q

pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland at base of the brain.

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19
Q

thyroid gland

A

Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck.

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20
Q

trachea

A

Tube leading from throat and larynx to the bronchial tubes of the lungs.

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21
Q

ureter

A

tube leading from kidney to the bladder.

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22
Q

urethra

A

tube from bladder to outside of body.

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23
Q

uterus

A

Female organ that the fetus develops in.

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24
Q

viscera

A

Internal organs in mainly the abdominal cavity.

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25
Q

Which cavity contains the brain and pituitary gland?

A

Cranial

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26
Q

Which cavity contains the lungs, heart, esophagus?

A

Thoracic

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27
Q

Which cavity contains the kidneys, parts of the intestines, spleen and pancreas?

A

Abdominal

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28
Q

Which cavity contains the bladder and rectum?

A

Pelvic

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29
Q

What is the muscular wall that divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

A

Diaphragm

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30
Q

What is another name for the abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneal cavity

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31
Q

Dorsal (posterior)

A

Pertaining to the back

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32
Q

Pleura

A

Double folded membrane surrounding each lung/

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33
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Space between the pleural layers. (lungs)

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34
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Space within the backbone containing the spinal cord.

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35
Q

Ventral (anterior)

A

Pertaining to the front

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36
Q

Cervical (division of the back)

A

neck region

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37
Q

Thoracic (division of the back)

A

Chest region

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38
Q

Lumbar (division of the back)

A

Region between the ribs and hips

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39
Q

Sacral (division of the back)

A

Five bones in the pelvic area that join to form the sacrum

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40
Q

Coccygeal

A

Tailbone or coccyx

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41
Q

Hypochondriac region of the body

A

Right and left upper regions just beneath the ribs

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42
Q

Epigastric region of body

A

Middle upper region above the stomach

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43
Q

Lumbar region of body

A

Right and left middle regions near the waist

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44
Q

Umbilical region of the body

A

Central region near the belly button (navel).

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45
Q

Inguinal region of the body

A

Right and left lower regions near the iliac region

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46
Q

Hypogastric region

A

Middle lower region below the umbilical region (belly button)

47
Q

Vertebra

A

Single backbone

48
Q

Vertebrae

49
Q

Spinal column

A

Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

50
Q

Spinal cord

A

Nerve tissue in the spinal cavity

51
Q

Disc

A

Cartilage between the vertebrae.

52
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

Front side of the body

53
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Back side of the body

54
Q

Deep

positional or directional term

A

Away from the surface

55
Q

Superficial

A

On the surface

56
Q

Proximal

A

Near the point of attachment to the trunk or beginning of a structure

57
Q

Distal

A

Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or beginning of a structure

58
Q

Inferior

A

Below another structure

59
Q

Superior

A

Above another structure

60
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the middle or nearest the medial plane of the body

61
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side.

62
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back

63
Q

Prone

A

Lying on front

64
Q

Frontal Plane (Coronal)

A

Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior (front and back)

65
Q

Sagittal Plane (Lateral)

A

Lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body (0r structures) into right and left sides.

66
Q

Transverse plane (Axial)

A

Horizontal plane running across the body. e.g. cutting body into head portion and leg portion

67
Q

abdomin/o

68
Q

adip/o

69
Q

anter/o

70
Q

cervic/o

A

neck (of the body or of the uterus)

71
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage (type of connective tissue)

72
Q

chrom/o

73
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx, tailbone

74
Q

crani/o

75
Q

dist/o

A

far, distant

76
Q

dors/o

A

back portion of the body

77
Q

hist/o

78
Q

ili/o

A

upper part of the hip bone, ilium

79
Q

inguin/o

80
Q

kary/o

81
Q

later/o

82
Q

lumb/o

A

lower back

83
Q

medi/o

84
Q

nucle/o

85
Q

pelv/i

86
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

87
Q

poster/o

A

back, behind

88
Q

proxim/o

89
Q

sacr/o

90
Q

sarc/o

91
Q

spin/o

A

spine, backbone

92
Q

thel/o, theli/o

93
Q

thorac/o

94
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

95
Q

umbilic/o

A

navel, umbilicus

96
Q

ventr/o

A

belly side of body

97
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra(e), backbone(s)

98
Q

viscer/o

A

internal organs

99
Q

ana-

100
Q

cata-

101
Q

epi-

102
Q

hypo-

103
Q

inter-

104
Q

intra-

105
Q

meta-

106
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

107
Q

-iac

A

pertaining to

108
Q

-ior

A

pertaining to

109
Q

-ism

A

process, condition

110
Q

-ose

A

pertaining to, full of

111
Q

-plasm

112
Q

-somes

113
Q

-type

A

picture, classification

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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