8: Eating Disorders Flashcards
What are the main difference between the between AN + BN?
BN = impulsive vs excessive control BN = social concept of femininity drives behaviour BN = weight in normal range but fluctuates a lot vs underweight BN = more likely to have substance misuse disorder
What is thought to be the stem for what causes the eating disorder AN + BN?
- desire to control weight
- can involve movement fro one disorder to another
What is the prevalance of eaitng disorders?
10% young women
- higher in women
What % of body weight are people with AN foused on being below?
85% of their expected weight
How is weight maintenance carried out in AN?
- Type 1 behaviour
- self-imposed starvation - Type 2 behaviour
- binding, purging + laxative behaviours - Increase in physical activity
How do people with AN score on self-esteem + perfectionism ?
Self-esteem = low Perfectionism = high
What evidence is there to suggest a cognitive bias towards food stimuli + its subsequent control in AN?
increased PF + visual cortex activity
= excessive self-control
= cognitive rigidity
= excessive attention to detail
Why was the absence of menstruation in women removed from the DSM for AN (amenorrhea) ?
No reported difference in women w/ AN who do and do not menstruate
Age of onset has been related to puberty but what is late onset of AN been related to?
- separation xp + anxiety following the death of a spouse/ children leaving home
What are the diagnostic criteria for AN?
- Weight
- refusing to maintain it within a normal range - Phobic behaviour
- having intense fear of gaining weight - Body perception
- having distorted perception of body - Pubertal development
What predictive factors are male eating disorders related to?
- excessive exercise
- body image
- sexuality
What 2 disorders constitute as major contributors to mortality in clinical disorder?
Eating disorders
Substance misuse disorder
What complication may arise from inducing self-vomiting in BN?
- gastrointestinal complications
- dental erosion
- chronic inflammation of lips
Why is the use of laxative by BN ineffective?
- reduce calorie absorption BUT
- most calorie absorption takes place before the bowel
- only 10/ 20% ingested calories can be lost using laxatives
Why is the avg time between symptom onset + treatment contact approx 4 years?
- individual needing to recognise need for help + disclosing their eating behaviour
What are the 2 main aetiology explanation for eating disorder ?
- Dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmitter
- involved in regulating of rewards + eating
- low levels of dopamine - Socioculture factors
- idea of thin = beautiful
- weight-related self schema (Self-worth)
- distorted body image perspective (safe than sorry)
What treatment approaches are there for eating disorder?
- initial treatment for AN= CC
- reward for eating food and gaining weight - CBT
- Family therapy
- Maudsley method
Individuals must be able to do what to show competency in refusing food according to Treasure ?
- Absorb + retain info relevant to their decision + understand the likely consequences of having/ not having treatment
- Believe the info
- Weigh the information in balance as part of the process of arriving at a decision
- Recognise they have a health problem + take action to remedy their condition
What is the Maudsley method of family therapy?
- emphasis on dysfunctional family patterns
- 3 core treatment goals
1. restoration to normal weight - parental guilt minimised
- psychoeducation
2. control over eating
3. return to normal adolescent development
What are the 3 clear stages of CBT for bulimia?
Stage 1: rationalisation of treatment + replacing binge eating behaviours w/ stable eating behaviours
- 3 meals a day
- no compensatory behaviour
Stage 2: concerns around weight gain + shape countered
- systematic desensitisation sorta
Stage 3: maintenance of stage 1 +2
- identifying strategies to prevent relapse
What drugs are used for eating disorder as a pharmacological intervention?
Antidepressant: fluoxetine
- mixed results
- seems to work well when anorexia with major depression
- but CBT seems more effective
