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Clinical Psychology > 8: Eating Disorders > Flashcards

8: Eating Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main difference between the between AN + BN?

A 
BN = impulsive vs excessive control
BN = social concept of femininity drives behaviour 
BN = weight in normal range but fluctuates a lot vs underweight
BN = more likely to have substance misuse disorder
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2
Q

What is thought to be the stem for what causes the eating disorder AN + BN?

A
  • desire to control weight

- can involve movement fro one disorder to another

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3
Q

What is the prevalance of eaitng disorders?

A

10% young women

- higher in women

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4
Q

What % of body weight are people with AN foused on being below?

A

85% of their expected weight

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5
Q

How is weight maintenance carried out in AN?

A
  1. Type 1 behaviour
    - self-imposed starvation
  2. Type 2 behaviour
    - binding, purging + laxative behaviours
  3. Increase in physical activity
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6
Q

How do people with AN score on self-esteem + perfectionism ?

A 
Self-esteem = low
Perfectionism = high
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7
Q

What evidence is there to suggest a cognitive bias towards food stimuli + its subsequent control in AN?

A

increased PF + visual cortex activity
= excessive self-control
= cognitive rigidity
= excessive attention to detail

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8
Q

Why was the absence of menstruation in women removed from the DSM for AN (amenorrhea) ?

A

No reported difference in women w/ AN who do and do not menstruate

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9
Q

Age of onset has been related to puberty but what is late onset of AN been related to?

A
  • separation xp + anxiety following the death of a spouse/ children leaving home
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10
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for AN?

A
  1. Weight
    - refusing to maintain it within a normal range
  2. Phobic behaviour
    - having intense fear of gaining weight
  3. Body perception
    - having distorted perception of body
  4. Pubertal development
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11
Q

What predictive factors are male eating disorders related to?

A
  • excessive exercise
  • body image
  • sexuality
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12
Q

What 2 disorders constitute as major contributors to mortality in clinical disorder?

A

Eating disorders

Substance misuse disorder

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13
Q

What complication may arise from inducing self-vomiting in BN?

A
  • gastrointestinal complications
  • dental erosion
  • chronic inflammation of lips
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14
Q

Why is the use of laxative by BN ineffective?

A
  • reduce calorie absorption BUT
  • most calorie absorption takes place before the bowel
  • only 10/ 20% ingested calories can be lost using laxatives
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15
Q

Why is the avg time between symptom onset + treatment contact approx 4 years?

A
  • individual needing to recognise need for help + disclosing their eating behaviour
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16
Q

What are the 2 main aetiology explanation for eating disorder ?

A
  1. Dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmitter
    - involved in regulating of rewards + eating
    - low levels of dopamine
  2. Socioculture factors
    - idea of thin = beautiful
    - weight-related self schema (Self-worth)
    - distorted body image perspective (safe than sorry)
17
Q

What treatment approaches are there for eating disorder?

A
  1. initial treatment for AN= CC
    - reward for eating food and gaining weight
  2. CBT
  3. Family therapy
    - Maudsley method
18
Q

Individuals must be able to do what to show competency in refusing food according to Treasure ?

A
  1. Absorb + retain info relevant to their decision + understand the likely consequences of having/ not having treatment
  2. Believe the info
  3. Weigh the information in balance as part of the process of arriving at a decision
  4. Recognise they have a health problem + take action to remedy their condition
19
Q

What is the Maudsley method of family therapy?

A
  • emphasis on dysfunctional family patterns
  • 3 core treatment goals
    1. restoration to normal weight
  • parental guilt minimised
  • psychoeducation
    2. control over eating
    3. return to normal adolescent development
20
Q

What are the 3 clear stages of CBT for bulimia?

A

Stage 1: rationalisation of treatment + replacing binge eating behaviours w/ stable eating behaviours
- 3 meals a day
- no compensatory behaviour
Stage 2: concerns around weight gain + shape countered
- systematic desensitisation sorta
Stage 3: maintenance of stage 1 +2
- identifying strategies to prevent relapse

21
Q

What drugs are used for eating disorder as a pharmacological intervention?

A

Antidepressant: fluoxetine

  • mixed results
  • seems to work well when anorexia with major depression
  • but CBT seems more effective

Clinical Psychology (17 decks)

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