5: Treatment approaches Flashcards
What is thought to be the difference between the previous and the third generation in the new wave of behaviour therapies?
therapies adopt a more contextualistic approach than traditional behavior therapy andCBT
focus on changing the function of
psychological events that people experience, rather than on changing or modifying the events themselves
What interventions fall under the category of “new wave” treatments?
- ACT
- acceptance commitment therapy - DBT
- Dialectical behaviour therapy - MBCT
- Mindfulness-based therapy - MCT
- Metacognitive therapy
What is a major similarity across protocols of the different treatments?
assumption that maladaptive cognitions are causally linked to emotional distress, and therefore,
by modifying cognitions emotional distress and maladaptive behaviours will decrease.
What is mindfulness-based intervention believed to counteract?
- experiential avoidance strategies that
maintain and exacerbate emotional disorders - by teaching patients to respond
reflectively rather than reflexively to stressful situations and negative emotions - also decreases physical symptoms of distress by balancing sympathetic and
parasympathetic responses through meditation exercises such as slow and deep breathing
What is DBT?
- Dialectic behavioural therapy
- a form of therapy that is typically used to treat borderline personality
disorder
ACT is not an extension of the CBT model but an extension of what?
- a reformulation of Skinnerian radical behaviorism
- rejects the tripartite model and its basic premise of the causative interplay between cognitions, behaviors, and emotions.
- behavioral
analytic model to integrate cognition and language
What was the result of ACT efficacy?
- ACT outperformed control conditions
- but was not significantly more effective than established treatments
What is difference between CBT vs ACT + MBCT?
CBT = often (but not exclusively) the content of such cognitions.
MBCT + ACT = focus on the function of thoughts + promote emotion regulation strategies that counter experiential avoidance.
What are MCT + DBT thought to be a direct extension of?
direct extension of CBT
- MCT = specifically
targets metacognitive content and other cognitive processes.
- DBT = an extension of CBT that integrates acceptance strategies
What is the content-specificity hyp?
- Beck’s content-specificity hypothesis states that each emotional disorder can be characterised by cognitive content specific to that disorder
What can the content-specificity hyp explain?
- reasons why
tailoring CBT techniques to different types of psychopathology has proven so effective.
What are specific behaviours characterising anxiety, panic disorders, social anxiety, GAD + OCD?
- anxiety disorders = maladaptive cognitions are typically focused on the future possibility
of danger or threat, - Panic disorder = assumes patients misinterpret the physical symptoms associated with anxiety as harmful.
- Social anxiety = self-focused cognitions
and scrutiny coupled with a fear of embarrassment and humiliation - GAD + OCD = excessive obsessions or worry about future undesirable events or the consequences of worry itself
MCBT has been seen to be effective at reducing symptoms for which disorders?
reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression across a wide range
of severity levels and patient populations
Why was MBCT originally developed?
to prevent relapse among patients recovered from depression
What is the concept of decentering?
- distancing = process of gaining an objectivity toward thoughts
- involves learning to distinguish between thoughts and reality,
and that simply thinking something does not necessarily mean that it is true. - focus on MBCT
