8: Cell Communication 2 Flashcards
Describe the signal transduction through DAG and Ca2+
G protein complex
-Gαq
Effector
-Phospholipase C(PLC)
Second messenger
-DAG, IP3, Ca2+
Cellular effect
-Activate PKC, regulate Ca2+ binding proteins
Describe the GPCR example of rod cells in retina in detection of light
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How does cholera toxin affect G protein signalling pathway?
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How does pertussis toxin affect G protein signalling pathway
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What are ways in which GPCR signal transduction pathways can be switched off?
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Describe the signalling pathways of enzyme-linked receptors
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What are the different types of enzyme-linked receptor? (4)
- Guanylyl cyclases
- Serine/theorine kinases
- Tyrosine kinase receptors
- Tyrosine kinase associated receptors
Describe/draw out guanylyl cyclases
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Describe/draw out serine/theorine kinases
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Describe/draw out tyronsine kinase receptors
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Describe/draw out tyrosine kinase associated receptors
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What are the three types of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)
• Nnos (neuronal nos) for nervous system
• iNos for inducible tissue/immune (in macrophages -in smooth muscle)
eNos for endothelia (for your blood vessels)
Production of nNOS
Arginine –> nNOS –> nitric oxide
Production of iNOS
NADPH –> iNOS –> NADP
Production of eNOS
O2–> eNOS –> Citrulline
How does eNOS promotes blood vessel dilation
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What are the synaptic functions of nNOS
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What receptor can Guanylyl cyclase have
Guanylyl cyclases can either be transmembrane receptors (e.g. atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor), OR cytoplasmic enzymes (NO)
What chemical reaction does Guanylyl cyclase catalyse?
GTP —–> cGMP
What is the second messenger for Guanylyl cyclase?
cGMP is a second messenger that diffuses through the cytoplasm and then activates protein kinase G.
What receptor does a serine/theorine kinase have?
Ligands such as TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) bind a receptor that contains a serine/threonine kinase domain
