Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOLOGY > 7C- POPULATIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS > Flashcards

7C- POPULATIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DEFINTION OF HABITAT

A

THE PLACE WHERE AN ORGANISM LIVES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition of population

A

All the organisms of one species in a habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Definition of community

A

Populations of different species in a habitat make up a community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Definition of ecosystem

A

a community plus all the non living (abiotic) condition in the area in whihc it lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition of abiotic

A

The nonliving features of the ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Definition of biotic conditions

A

The living features of an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Definition of niche

A

The role of the species within its habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Definition of adaptation

A

Feature that members of the species have that increases the chance of survival and reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how many species can be in a niche

A

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what happens if two speceics try to occupy the same niche

A

They compete with each other until one species is more successful than the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the different types of adaptations

A

physilogical, behavioural, anatomical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is physilogical adaptations

A

processes inside there body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is behavioural adaptaion

A

the way an organism acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is anatomical adaptation

A

structural feature of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why are organisms with better adaptations more likely to survive

A

more likely to survive and reproduce and pass on allele for the more advantageous allele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is population size

A

total number of organisms of species in a habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is maximum stable population size that an ecosystem can support called

A

carrying capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

why does carrying capacity varrie

A

as its a result of both abiotic and biotic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens when abiotic factors are ideal

A

organisms can grow fast and reproduce successfully

20
Q

what is interspecific competition

A

competition between different speices for the same resources

21
Q

what is intraspecific competition

A

competition within a species for the same resources

22
Q

how can interspecific competition lead to overall population reduction

A

as they compete for same resource it can lead to an overall resource decrease this means both populations limited by reduced food so have less energy for growth and reproduction therefore resulting in population decrease

23
Q

how does out competition occur

A

when one species in the competition is better adapted it will out compete the less adapted

24
Q

what is predation

A

where an organism kills and eats another organism

25
Q

what is the relationship between predator and prey

A

interlinked

26
Q

why do we take population samples

A

as too time consuming to actually measure accurately the number of individuals in a species

27
Q

why are samples bias and example

A

to avoid bias

random- divide feild into grid and use random number generator to get coordinates which are random

28
Q

what are quadrats used to measure

A

species frequency

number of individuals

29
Q

whats a transect

A

lines which can be used to measure how plants are distributed across an area

30
Q

formula for measuring abudence of a very motile speceis like fish

mark release recapture

A

number of species caught in first species x number caught for 2nd sample

/

number marked in 2nd sample

31
Q

what are three assumption you make whilst using the mark release recapture method

A

1- marked sample has had enough time and oppertuinuty to mix back in with population

2- the marking process didnt effect the individuals chance of survival

3- there are no changes to population size during the study

32
Q

how to measure ph of landd

A

ph probe

33
Q

what happens to ph as you move inland

A

it decreases as nearer the shore there are lots of shell fragments which are made of calcium carbonate -an alkaline compund

further inland more rotting vegatation which is more acidic

34
Q

why are ecosystems said to be dynamic

A

as they are constantly changing

35
Q

what is succession

A

the process in which an ecosystem changes over time

36
Q

what is primary succession

A

this happens on land that’s been newly formed or expose - like volcano

37
Q

what is secondary succession

A

happens on land which has been cleared of all plants but soil remians - like when forrests cut down

38
Q

what is the pioneer speceis

A

first species to conolise area

39
Q

how does primary succession develope

A

1- abiotic conditions are hostile so only pioneer speceis can grow as they are specially adapted to these conditions

2- pioneer speceis change the abiotic conditions as they die and decompose forming basic soil

3-this makes abiotic conditions less hostile so new organisms with different adaptations can survive

4-some new species may change the new conditions to make it less suitable for the previous species

40
Q

final stage of succcession is climax community what does this mean

A

Ecosystem is supporting the largest and most complex community of plants and animals it can it won’t change much more it’s in a steady state

41
Q

describe a temperate climate

A

plenty of available water mild temperatures and not much change between seasons
has large trees as deep soils

42
Q

describe polar climate

A

not much available water temperautures are low and massive changes between seasons
large trees can grow

43
Q

what is a plagioclimax

A

when succession is stopped artificially

44
Q

two ways of managing succession in moorland

A

1- animals can graze on the land stopping stages of succession being able to establsih

2- managed fires can be lit to cause secondary succession

45
Q

what does sustainable mean

A

Enough resources are taken to meet the needs of people today without reducing the ability of people in the future to meet their own needs

46
Q

four examples of conservation techniques

A

plants conserved using seedbanks

fishing quotas puts limits on the type fish u can catch

protected such as national parks

endangered species bred in captivity

BIOLOGY (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions