7B.3c Muscles & Skeleton

Question 1

What are the 3 functions of the skeleton (and an example of each)? 6

Answer 1

1. SUPPORT/Shape (e.g. spine)
2. PROTECTION of vital organs (e.g. skull)
3. Allow MOVEMENT (e.g. bones in fingers)

Question 2

What does the SPINE also do?

Answer 2

Protects and carries the SPINAL CORD - which is the communication link between the brain and the rest of the body.

Question 3

What is the tissue inside the large bones (e.g. femur), and what does it do?

Answer 3

BONE MARROW, which produces RED BLOOD CELLS.

Question 4

Other than bones, what else do animals use for MOVEMENT? (2)

Answer 4

1. Joints

2. Muscles

Question 5

Name the 3 main groups/types of JOINT (3, + 3 for examples)

Answer 5

1. HINGE - elbow, knee, fingers
2. BALL & SOCKET - shoulder, hip, thumb
3. OTHER joints involving slight movement, e.g. vertebrae, hand.

Question 6

Muscles work in PAIRS - what term is used to describe this? (2)

Answer 6

Muscles work in ANTAGONISTIC PAIRS - one pulls, while the other relaxes (e.g. biceps and triceps).

Question 7

How are muscles attached to bones? (1)

Answer 7

TENDONS

Question 8

What holds joints together? (1)

Answer 8

LIGAMENTS

Question 9

Main bones in the HEAD/TORSO? 7

Answer 9

skull, jaw, vertebrae, scapula, sternum, ribs, pelvis

Question 10

Main bones in ARMS?4

Answer 10

Humerus, radius, ulna, tarsals

Question 11

Main bones in LEG? 5

Answer 11

Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals.