6B2 Cells

Question 1

List the 5 classes of components that make up a complex living thing (like a human or oak tree), and explain briefly what each one is. (10)

Answer 1

1. CELLS - cells are the smallest living things (e.g. red blood cells, brain cells, root hair cells.
2. TISSUES - groups of similar cells, e.g. fatty tissue, muscle tissue, epidermal tissue.
3. ORGANS - layers/groups of tissues that work together to do a specific task. e.g. brain, heart, a leaf.
4. ORGAN SYSTEMS - a group of organs which work in harmony to carry out a broader function (e.g. nervous system, circulatory system)
5. ORGANISM - the individual living thing - made up of a group of organ systems working together.

Question 2

What are all individual cells made up of?

Answer 2

ORGANELLES

Question 3

What’s the thin lining that lets water/nutrients in/out of the cell?

Answer 3

MEMBRANE

Question 4

What’s a MEMBRANE?

Answer 4

The thin lining that lets water/nutrients in/out of the cell.

Question 5

What controls protein synthesis, controls the cell, and holds DNA/genes?

Answer 5

NUCLEUS

Question 6

What is a Nucleus?

Answer 6

An organelle that controls protein synthesis, controls the cell, and holds DNA/genes

Question 7

Name the CELL FLUID, mainly water, where cell reactions take place

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

What is CYTOPLASM?

Answer 8

It’s the CELL FLUID, mainly water, where cell reactions take place.

Question 9

Name the organelles where respiration takes place

Answer 9

MITOCHONDRIA

Question 10

What happens in RESPIRATION? (5)

Answer 10

Sugar + Oxygen ➔ CO2 + H2O + ENERGY

Question 11

Name 3 organelles that only plant cells have

Answer 11

Cell Wall, Vacuole, Chloroplasts

Question 12

What’s the CELL WALL? 3

Answer 12

A rigid, protective CELLULOSE STRUCTURE that provides STRENGTH and SUPPORT.

Question 13

What’s the VACUOLE? 3

Answer 13

STORES cell SAP (WATER & SUGAR)

Question 14

Describe Chloroplasts

Answer 14

They are organelles that contain Chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

Question 15

How are sperm cells ADAPTED for their function? 2

Answer 15

TAIL for SWIMMING

Question 16

How are Nerve cells ADAPTED for their function? 4

Answer 16

1. LONG/THIN for connecting cells that are far away from each other
2. INSULATED with fat, to keep electrical impulse in

Question 17

How are root hair cells ADAPTED for their function? 2

Answer 17

LARGE SURFACE AREA for BETTER ABSORPTION

Question 18

How are red blood cells ADAPTED for their function? 2

Answer 18

SQUASHED SHAPE, with DIMPLES, for large SURFACE AREA:VOLUME RATIO