7.5: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Question 1

What is hardy weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 1

Model to describe and predict allele frequencies in a non evolving population. (frequencies of alleles and genotypes stay the same generation after generation)

Question 2

What are the five conditions that must be TRUE for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 2

• large population (no genetic drift)
• Absence of migration (no gene flow)
• no net mutation
• random mating (no sexual selection)
• absence of selection (no natural selection)

Question 3

What is allele frequency?

Answer 3

How often the allele appears in a population (percentage)

Question 4

What is genotypic frequency?

Answer 4

How often a genotype appears in a population

Question 5

What is the equation for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 5

p²+2pq+q²=1
p+q=1

p²-homozygous dominant
2pq-heterozygous
q²-homozygous recessive

p-frequency dominant allele
q-frequency recessive allele

Question 6

What does it mean if the allele frequency changes from one generation to the next?

Answer 6

It is not at hardy weinberg equilibrium.

Question 7

What does it mean if the genotype frequency stays the same from one generation to the next?

Answer 7

It is at hardy weinberg equilibrium.

Question 8

Why are small populations more susceptible to changes in allele frequency?

Answer 8

They are more susceptible to genetic drift, as a small change in the environment could lead to a significant change in the allele frequency of a population.