7.4. Renal Assessment and Micturition - Micturition/Urination/Bladder Voiding

Question 1

What causes the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder?

Answer 1

Peristaltic contraction of the smooth muscle of the ureters.

Question 2

At what angle does the urine enter into the bladder?

Answer 2

At an oblique angle

Question 3

Why does urine enter into the bladder at an oblique angle?

Answer 3

To prevent the reflux of urine

Question 4

Does the composition of urine change once it has left the kidney?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What is the bladder overlain with?

Answer 5

Peritoneum

Question 6

How does the bladder lie in relation to reproductive system?

Answer 6

Anteriorly

Question 7

How does the bladder lie in relation to rectum?

Answer 7

Anteriorly

Question 8

What does the bladder lie posterior to?

Answer 8

The pubic bones

Question 9

What is the bladder?

Answer 9

A bag of smooth muscle which acts as a store for urine

Question 10

How is the smooth muscle of the bladder arranged?

Answer 10

1. In spiral bundles
2. In longitudinal bundles
3. In circular bundles

Question 11

What do the smooth muscle of the bladder combine to form?

Answer 11

The detrusor muscle

Question 12

What does the contraction of the detrusor muscle result in?

Answer 12

The empying of the bladder during micturition

Question 13

What is the muscle lined with?

Answer 13

Transitional Epithelium

Question 14

What is contained in the bladder?

Answer 14

A Trigone

Question 15

What is the Trigone made up of?

Answer 15

2 x Vesicoureteric openings

1 x Urethral opening

Question 16

Is the internal urethral sphincter a true sphincter?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

What is the internal urethral sphincter?

Answer 17

Where the smooth muscle at the start of the urethra acts as a sphincter - when the smooth muscle is relaxed

Question 18

What is the external urethral sphincter made up of?

Answer 18

Skeletal muscle which is under voluntary (somatic) control

Question 19

What is the characteristic shape of the Pressure-Volume curve of the bladder?

Answer 19

1. A long, flat segment as the initial increments of urine enters into the bladder
2. A sudden, sharp, rise as the micturition reflex is triggered

Question 20

What is the normal daily urine production?

Answer 20

It varies between 750 to 2500mls in temperate climates