7.4. Renal Assessment and Micturition - Micturition/Urination/Bladder Voiding Flashcards
What causes the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder?
Peristaltic contraction of the smooth muscle of the ureters.
At what angle does the urine enter into the bladder?
At an oblique angle
Why does urine enter into the bladder at an oblique angle?
To prevent the reflux of urine
Does the composition of urine change once it has left the kidney?
No
What is the bladder overlain with?
Peritoneum
How does the bladder lie in relation to reproductive system?
Anteriorly
How does the bladder lie in relation to rectum?
Anteriorly
What does the bladder lie posterior to?
The pubic bones
What is the bladder?
A bag of smooth muscle which acts as a store for urine
How is the smooth muscle of the bladder arranged?
- In spiral bundles
- In longitudinal bundles
- In circular bundles
What do the smooth muscle of the bladder combine to form?
The detrusor muscle
What does the contraction of the detrusor muscle result in?
The empying of the bladder during micturition
What is the muscle lined with?
Transitional Epithelium
What is contained in the bladder?
A Trigone
What is the Trigone made up of?
2 x Vesicoureteric openings
1 x Urethral opening
Is the internal urethral sphincter a true sphincter?
No
What is the internal urethral sphincter?
Where the smooth muscle at the start of the urethra acts as a sphincter - when the smooth muscle is relaxed
What is the external urethral sphincter made up of?
Skeletal muscle which is under voluntary (somatic) control
What is the characteristic shape of the Pressure-Volume curve of the bladder?
- A long, flat segment as the initial increments of urine enters into the bladder
- A sudden, sharp, rise as the micturition reflex is triggered
What is the normal daily urine production?
It varies between 750 to 2500mls in temperate climates
