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2S - PCT > 7.2 Introduction to CNS [Yeye Edition] > Flashcards

7.2 Introduction to CNS [Yeye Edition] Flashcards

ION CHANNELS AND NEUROTRANSMITTER RECEPTORS

1
Q

What are the 2 Ion Channels

A
  1. Voltage Gated
  2. Ligand Gated
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2
Q

Voltage-Gated: SODIUM channel
Affected by what 2 factors

A

Tetrodotoxin
Batrachotoxin

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3
Q

Voltage-Gated: POTASSIUM channel
Affected by what 2 factors

A

Apamin
Charybdotoxin

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4
Q

Voltage-Gated: Calcium channel
Affected by what 2 factors

A

Omega conotozin
Agatoxin

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5
Q

Voltage-Gated: SODIUM channel
_________: Blocks channel from outside, Puffer Fish

A

Tetrodotoxin [TTX]

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6
Q

Voltage-Gated: SODIUM channel
_________: Slows inactivation, shifts activation, Colombian Frog

A

Batrachotoxin [BTX]

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7
Q

Voltage-Gated: POTASSIUM channel
_________: Blocks “SMALL Ca-activated” K channel, Pacific Cone Snail

A

Apamin

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8
Q

Voltage-Gated: POTASSIUM channel
_________: Blocks “BIG Ca-activated K “channel, Funnel web spider

A

Charybdotoxin

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9
Q

Voltage-Gated: CALCIUM channel
_________: Blocks N-type channel, Pacific Cone Snail

A

Omega conotoxin

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10
Q

Voltage-Gated: CALCIUM channel
_________: Blocks P-type channel, Funnel Web spider

A

Agatoxin

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11
Q

What are the 3 Voltage Gated Channels

A
  1. Sodium
  2. Potassium
  3. Calcium
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12
Q

Ligand-Gated: Nicotinic ACh
Affected by what factors

A

Cx - Bungarotoxin

IRREVERISBLE ANTAGONIST, Marin Snake

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13
Q

Ligand-Gated: GABA RECEPTOR
Affected by what factors

A

Picrotoxin

Blocks channel, South Pacific Plant

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14
Q

Ligand-Gated: Glycine receptor
Affected by what factors

A

Strychnine

COMPETITIVE antagonist, Indian Plant

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15
Q

Ligand-Gated: AMPA Receptors
Affected by what factors

A

Philanthotoxin

Blocks channel, Wasp

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16
Q

Affected by several toxins such as TTX and BTX

A

Sodium Channels

17
Q

What channel close or open depending on the charge inside and outside of the neurons

A

Voltage-Gated Channels

18
Q

What channel requires a chemical ligand to attach to the binding site so that it will be opening or closing the gates

A

Ligand Gated Channel

19
Q

What channel would have an opening that stimulated or inhibit the cells (neuron cells)

A

Ligand Gated Channels

20
Q

What channel has exogenous and endogenous chemicals that can mimic the ligand to be able to open ionotropic and metabotropic channels

A

Ligand Gated Channels

21
Q

Concentrated on the axon hillock or INITIAL SEGMENT of the axons in nerve cells as it exits the soma, the nerve cell

A

Voltage-Gated Ion Channel

22
Q

What are the 2 classes of neurotransmitter receptors

A
  1. Ligand gated ion channel or Ionotropic Receptors
  2. Metabotropic Receptors
23
Q

Chemically-gated, respond to chemical neurotransmitters (NTAs) that bind to receptor subunits of the channel

A

Ligand Gated Ion Channel

24
Q

These receptors consist of multiple subunits, and binding of the neurotransmitter LIGAND directly opens the channel, which is an integral part of the receptor complex

A

Ionotropic Receptors

25
Q

What receptor is SEVEN transmembrane G protein coupled (serpentine)

A

Metabotropic Receptors

26
Q

Binding does not result in the direct gating of a channel

A

Metabotropic Receptors

27
Q

True or False:
Membrane delimited pathway is the activation of metabotropic neurotransmitter receptors often leads to the modulation of voltage gated channels.

A

True

28
Q

What are the 3 types of receptor channel coupling in LIGAND gated ion channel

A
  1. Receptors that acts DIRECTLY on the ion channel protein
  2. Receptors that is coupled to the ion channel through G protein
  3. Receptors coupled to a G protein that modulated the formation of diffusible second messengers
29
Q

What are the 3 mechanism under Diffusible second messengers

A
  1. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate [cAMP]
  2. Ionositol triphosphate [IP3]
  3. Diacylglycerol [DAG]
30
Q

Influx of ions whether inside or outside the cell is an electrical mechanism

A

Synapse

31
Q

What are the 2 Synapse

A

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)
or Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP)

32
Q

Depolarizing potential change

A

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)

[Increase Positive, Decrease Negative]

33
Q

It is positive outside and negative inside

A

Resting membrane

34
Q

What are the 2 depolarizing change

A
  1. Opening of sodium (Na) or calcium channels (Ca)
  2. Closing of potassium (K) channels in some synapses
35
Q

Higher Sodium [Na], Higher Calcium [Ca], Lower Potassium [K]

A

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)

36
Q

Hyperpolarizing potential change

A

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP)

[Increase Negative]

37
Q

Generated by opening of potassium (K) or chloride (Cl) channels

A

Hyperpolarizing potential change

38
Q

Higher Potassium [K], Higher Chlorine [CL] at postsynaptic, Lower Calcium [Ca] at presynaptic

A

Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP)

2S - PCT (12 decks)

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