5.3 Intro to Toxi: Herbicides Flashcards
What type of Herbicides:
Has 2 most important members which is 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Has 2 most important members which is
**2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid **and
2,4,5 trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
the compound in Agent Orange.
2,4,5Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid is no longer used because it is often contaminated during manufacturing with dioxin and other polychlorinates.
CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
What type of Herbicides:
Large doses of these drugs cause muscle hypotonia and coma. Long Term exposure has been associated with an increased risk of nonHodgkin lymphoma.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
What type of Herbicides:
principal ingredient in Roundup brand weed killer and is now the most widely used herbicide in the world.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
GLYPHOSATE
What type of Herbicides:
Its target, 5 enolpyruvylshikimate3-phosphate synthase, is a key enzyme involved in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in plants
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
GLYPHOSATE
What type of Herbicides:
Effects: _______exposure causes significant eye
and skin irritation and can be fatal when
ingested in large quantities.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
GLYPHOSATE
What type of Herbicides:
Treatment: Supportive, no specific treatment is
available
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
GLYPHOSATE
What type of Herbicides:
= bipyridyl herbicide, is used extensively
to kill weeds on farms and for highway
maintenance
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Effects: The compound is relatively nontoxic unless
ingested. After ingestion, the initial effect is
gastrointestinal irritation with hematemesis and bloody stools.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Effects: Within a few days, signs of pulmonary impairment occur and are usually progressive, resulting
in severe pulmonary fibrosis and often death.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Treatment: No specific antidote is available. Because of
the delayed pulmonary toxicity, prompt prevention of absorption is important (activated charcoal, Fuller’s earth).
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Treatment: Gastric lavage is not recommended, as it may promote aspiration from the stomach into
the lungs.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
Once the paraquat is absorbed, treatment is successful in fewer than 50% of cases.
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Treatment: Pulmonary fibrosis starts 1–2 weeks after ingestion. Immunosuppression with corticosteroids and
cyclophosphamide are commonly used.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
What type of Herbicides:
Treatment: Antioxidants such as acetylcysteine and salicylate might be beneficial through free radical scavenging, antiinflammatory actions. However, the best supportive treatment, including dialysis, still results in
less than 50% survival after ingestion of as little as 50– 500 mg/kg.
- CHLOROPHENOXY ACIDS
- GLYPHOSATE
- PARAQUAT
PARAQUAT
