7.1 Tumor immunoassay

Question 1

Study of antigens associated with tumors,

the tumor’s effect in the immune status, and the use of immune system to eliminate the tumor

Answer 1

Tumor immunology

Question 2

Regulatory proteins that promote cell division

Answer 2

Protooncogenes

Question 3

Mutated or altered cell division resulting resulting to uncontrol

Answer 3

Oncogene

Question 4

Gene that removes growth inhibitor signals when altered or mutated

Answer 4

Tumor suppressor genes

Question 5

Abnormal cell growths that can be benign or malignant

Answer 5

Tumor or neoplasm

Question 6

Encapsulated, movable and easily removed type of tumor without causing death

Answer 6

Benign tumor

Question 7

A type of tumor that grows rapidly by infiltration or expansion, difficult to remove and usually caused death

Answer 7

Malignant tumor

Question 8

Malignant tumor is encapsulated

T or F

Answer 8

F

Nonencapsulated

Question 9

When malignant cells travel throguh the body and causes new foci of malignancy until body function is disrupted

Answer 9

Metastasis

Question 10

Antigen that is specific to a tumor

Answer 10

Tumor-specific-antigen

Question 11

Antigen seen in tumors cells and limited number of normal cells

Answer 11

Tumor-associated antigens

Question 12

Potential mechanisms of de novo expression of tumor-specific antigens:

Activation of silent gene resulting to expression of new protein

T or F

Answer 12

T

Question 13

Potential mechanisms of de novo expression of tumor-specific antigens:

Point mutations that give rise to mutant peptides

T or F

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Potential mechanisms of de novo expression of tumor-specific antigens:

Alteration in the structure of proteins that does not allow exposure of previously sequestered antigens

T or F

Answer 14

F

Allows exposure

Question 15

May indicate aberrant expression of proteins that were expressed during
development but not expressed on normal mature cells

Answer 15

Tumor-associated antigens

Question 16

Antigens during development which expressed in different types of tumors and in normal cells during inflammatory states

Answer 16

Oncofetal antigen

Question 17

Low concentration of Oncofetal antigen in normal adults

T or F

Answer 17

T

Question 18

Oncofetal antigens is important in diagnosis and monitoring of therapy

T or F

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Examples of Oncofetal antigens

Answer 19

Alpha fetoprotein

Human chroionic gonadotropin

Carcinoembryonic antigen

Question 20

Secreted normally during embryonic development

a. Alpha fetoprotein
b. Human chorionic gonadotropin
c. Carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 20

a

Question 21

Associated with pregnancy and some forms of cancers

a. Alpha fetoprotein
b. Human chorionic gonadotropin
c. Carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 21

b

Question 22

Significantly increased in both hepatic and germ cell tumor

a. Alpha fetoprotein
b. Human chorionic gonadotropin
c. Carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 22

a

Question 23

Greatly expressed in colonic carcinomas; also associated with lung, breast, and stomach cancers

a. Alpha fetoprotein
b. Human chorionic gonadotropin
c. Carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 23

c

Question 24

Increased in cigarette smokers ad those with alcoholic cirrhosis

a. Alpha fetoprotein
b. Human chorionic gonadotropin
c. Carcinoembryonic antigen

Answer 24

c

Question 25

In alpha-fetoprotein, serum levels cannot served as a diagnostic marker but can be used for monitoring recurrence of metastases of primary tumors T or F

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Decreased in Beta-HCG in non-pregnant women or in men is strongly suggestive of a tumor T or F

Answer 26

F Elevated beta-HCG

Question 27

Human chorionic gonadotropin is an important tumor marker for diagnosis and for monitoring therapy and recurrence T or F

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Carcinoembryonic antigen is useful for monitoring recurrence or metastases of tumors T or F

Answer 28

T

Question 29

Carcinoembryonic antigen is not used as a specific marker for colon cancer T or F

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Enzyme immunoassays is the method of choice for ALL Oncofetal antigens types T or F

Answer 30

T

Question 31

Macrophage destroys tumor cells in vivo T or F

Answer 31

F In vitro

Question 32

What is the CD for tumor-specific in T cells?

Answer 32

CD8(+)

Question 33

Demonstrates opsonins-mediated phagocytosis via FcyR a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 33

a

Question 34

Lysis of tumor cells in vitro after direct interaction to their target cell a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 34

c

Question 35

Releases perforin a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 35

c

Question 36

Antigen recognition followed by activation and differentiation a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 36

b

Question 37

Secretes tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 37

a

Question 38

Demostrates antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity a. Macrophage b. B cells c. NK Cells d. T cells

Answer 38

c

Question 39

NK cells are enhance by what type of cytokine?

Answer 39

Type 1 cytokine

Question 40

Antibodies are the immunological effectors from B cells T or F

Answer 40

T

Question 41

What immunoglobulin do opsonization and ADCC?

Answer 41

IgG

Question 42

What immunoglobulin activates complement?

Answer 42

IgM

Question 43

Use for DNA/RNA molecular diagnostic?

Answer 43

FISH Fluorescent In Situ hybrization