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Immunosero Lec (Midterm) > 3.1 Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

3.1 Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

Exaggerated response to a harmless antigen that results to tissue injury,
disease, and death.

Immunological response not controlled by regulator mechanisms

A

Hypersensitivity

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2
Q

Hypersensitivity is classsified by?

A

Gell and Coomb’s Classification

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3
Q

First exposure that result to hypersensitivity is called?

A

Sensitization

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4
Q

Second exposure that result to hypersensitivity is called?

A

Effector phase

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5
Q

primary immune response can respond faster than secondary immune respond?

T or F

A

F

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6
Q

Is hypersensitivity an immune response?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Hypersensitivity responds to harmless antigens such as peanuts, seafood and insect bites

T or F

A

T

T

The difference of hypersensitivity to normal immune response is that, normal immune response responds to harmful antigens such as bacteria and fungi.

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8
Q

Type of hypersensitivity that is anaphylactic, immediate, and IgE-mediated

A

Type I

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9
Q

MAst cells, basophils, eosinophils are part of type II hypersensitivity?

T or F

A

F

Type I

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10
Q

What immunoglobulin is more focus in type I

A

IgE

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11
Q

Inherited tendency to develop classic allergic responses to
naturally occurring inhaled or ingested

A

Atopy

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12
Q

Occurs around 10 days after
initial exposure

B cells undergo isotype switching to
become IgE-expressing memory B
cells or IgE-secreting plasma cells

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type I, Sensitization

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13
Q

Subsequent exposure to the
same antigen will cause
sensitized mast cells and
basophils to release vasoactive
amines (Histamine)

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type I, Effector Phase

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14
Q

In effector phase of type I, the extent of reaction is dependent on the size of antigen

T or F

A

T

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15
Q

Humoral factor that influence isotype switching to IgE (Type 2 cytokine)

A

Interleukin-4

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16
Q

Primary mediators
-Platelet activating factors
* Prostaglandin D2
* Leukotrienes B4, C4, D4, E4

Secondary mediators:
- Histamine
* Heparin
* ECF-A
* Neutrophil chemo lactic factor
* Proteases

T or F

A

F

Baligtad

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17
Q

Example of Local effect in Type one are:

Rhintis
Uticaria
GI symptoms

T or F

A

T

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18
Q

Most sever type of systemic effect in Type I that involves multiple organs

A

Anaphylaxis

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19
Q

What will happen is anaphylaxis progressed?

A

Anaphylactic shocked

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20
Q

Angioedema is a Systemic effect in Type I?

T or F

A

T

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21
Q

Treatment for Type are as it follows:

  • Avoidance of known allergens
  • Antihistamines and decongestants
  • Bronchodilators
  • Epinephrine - given to those who experience anaphylactic shock
  • Omalizumab
  • Allergy immunotherapy - desensitization

T or F

A

T

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22
Q

Antigens that cause hypersenstivity are called?

A

Allergens

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23
Q

Type I hypersensitivity can be genetically predisposed?

T or F

A

T

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24
Q

substances secreted by inflammatory cells and this induce vasodilation, increase vascular permeability, etc

A

Vasoactive amines

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25
Q

Interleukin-4 is secreted by what cells?

A

T-Helper Cells

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26
Q

NOTE for Type I:

The more allergens in the body the more response you will manifest

A
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27
Q

What are the 2 lab diagnosis for Type I?

A

RIST (Radioimmunosorbent test)

RAST (Radioallergosorbent test)

28
Q

Type of radio immunoassay wherein we determine Ig antibodies

Measures Total IgE

Indicatove of atopic state

A

RIST

29
Q

Measures allergens specific IgE

Addition of radiolabeled anti IgE ab

A

RAST

30
Q

Type of hypersensitivity that is cytotoxic and antibody mediated

Cell surface antigen are targeted

A

Type II

31
Q

What are the antibodies include in Type II?

A

IgM and IgG

32
Q

Type of hypersenstivity that occurs in response to transfused or
transplanted cells, host cells during
autoimmune diseases, or foreign
antigens that bind to host cells

A

Type II

33
Q

Immune response to cell surface antigens leading to the formation of IgM and IgG

B cell differentiate into plasma cell or memory B cell

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type II, Sensitization

34
Q

Activation of complement

ADCC (Macrophages or NK cells involvement)

Opsonin-mediated phagocytosis

When Ag is on the host cell or transplanted cell

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type II, Effector phase

35
Q

Hemolytic disease of the Newborn ad Hemolytic transfusion reaction are part of Type II

T or F

A

T

36
Q

What is the lab test for type II?

A

Direct and Indirect AHG

37
Q

Reagent of AHG that contains anti IgG, C3, and C3d

A

Polyspecific AHG reagent

38
Q

Reagent of AHG that contains only one component

A

Monospecific AHG reagent

39
Q

Type of hypersensitivity that has immune complex deposition to tissues causing inflammation

Soluble antigens

A

Type III

40
Q

Type of hypersensititivity that causes relase of chemotactic factors thus attracting PMNs which release damaging lysosomal enzymes

A

Type III

41
Q

Type III sensitization is similar to Type II

T or F

A

T

42
Q

Circulating complexes are cleared by macrophages

Size and amount of immune complexes overwhelm the clearance

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type III, Effector phase

43
Q

The antibodies in Type II is similar to Type III?

A

Yes

44
Q

Type II = Soluble antigens

Type III = Cellular antigens

T or F

A

F

45
Q

Clinical manifestation of Type III that is associated with Neisserial infection?

A

Arthus Reactios

46
Q

Clinical manifestation of Type III includes:

Arthus Reaction

Chronic Immune complex Disease

Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Serum sickness

Farmer lung

T or F

A

T

47
Q

How patient gets Farmer’s lung?

A

Inhaling thermophilic actinomycetes

48
Q

Type of hyppersensitivity where no antibodies involved and only cell mediated

Delayed hypersensitivity by T helper cells

A

Type IV

49
Q

T1 helper cell activates?

A

cytotoxic macrophage

50
Q

T2 helper cell activates?

A

B cells

51
Q

Type IV peaks between 48-72 hrs?

A

YEs

52
Q

Activation of Naive Th cells

Memory Th1 cells circulate for immunosurveillance

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type IV, Sensitization

53
Q

Activation of Memory CD4+ Th1 cells will result to the release of Type 1 cytokine

What type of hypersensitivity and what phase?

A

Type IV, Effector Phase

54
Q

Contact dermititis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis is caused by Type IV?

A

Yes

55
Q

Test used to determine prior to exposure to TB

A

Mantoux test

56
Q

Injection of Mantoux test?

A

Subcutaneuos

57
Q

In mantoux test circulating Th1 cells (in individuals who have prior exposure) will be activated and secrete type 1 cytokines that enhance the inflammatory response

T or F

A

T

58
Q

Swelling in Mantoux test after 24-48 indicates negative

T or F

A

F

Positive

59
Q

Immue mediator for Type I?

A

IgE

60
Q

Immue mediator for Type II and III?

A

IgM and IgG

61
Q

Immue mediator for Type IV

A

Th1 cells

62
Q

Type of Antigen that is targeted by Type I?

A

Heterologous

63
Q

Type of Antigen that is targeted by Type II - IV?

A

Hetero/autologous

64
Q

Does Type I involves complement?

A

No

65
Q

Does Type II involves complement?

A

Yes

66
Q

Does Type III involves complement?

A

Yes

67
Q

Does Type IV involves complement?

A

No

Immunosero Lec (Midterm) (10 decks)

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