7.1 Periodic Table

Question 1

What does the position of an element in the periodic table show?

Answer 1

Its chemical and physical properties

Question 2

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

Answer 2

In order of increasing atomic number

Question 3

What are the vertical columns called in the periodic table?

Answer 3

Groups

Question 4

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

Answer 4

Periods

Question 5

What are the similarities within a group?

Answer 5

The number of electrons in the outer shell

Similar properties

Question 6

What does the group number show?

Answer 6

The number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 7

What does the period show?

Answer 7

The number of the highest energy electron shell

Question 8

What groups are included in the s block?

Answer 8

Groups 1 and 2

Question 9

What groups are included in the p block?

Answer 9

Groups 13-18

Question 10

What elements are in the d block?

Answer 10

Transition metals

Question 11

What are group 1 elements called?

Answer 11

Alkali metals

Question 12

Why are group 1 elements called alkali metals?

Answer 12

They react with water to form an alkali

Question 13

Reactivity of group 1 elements

Answer 13

Highly reactive, as there is only one electron in the outer shell, which they try to lose

Question 14

Reactivity going down group 1

Answer 14

Reactivity increases
Easier to lose outer shell electron, as there is more shielding, and due to a larger number of shells, there is less attraction between the nucleus and outer shell electrons, so they are lost more easily

Question 15

What are group 17 elements called?

Answer 15

Halogens

Question 16

How do group 17 elements exist?

Answer 16

As diatomic molecules

Question 17

Reactions of halogens

Answer 17

Displacement reactions

A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen

Question 18

What happens to reactivity going down group 17?

Answer 18

Reactivity decreases
Harder to gain an electron
More shielding
Less nuclear attraction

Question 19

What are group 18 elements called?

Answer 19

Noble gases

Question 20

Properties of transition metals

Answer 20

Have various oxidation states
Form colourful compounds
Good catalysts

Question 21

What are group 2 elements called?

Answer 21

Alkali Earth metals

Question 22

What is periodicity?

Answer 22

A trend across a period that repeats

Question 23

What happens across period 2?

Answer 23

2s sub shell fills with 2 electrons, followed by 2p sub shell with 6 electrons

Question 24

What happens across period 3?

Answer 24

3s sub shell fills with 2 electrons, followed by 3p sub shell with 6 electrons

Question 25

What happens across period 4?

Answer 25

3d sub shell is involved but highest shell number is n=4, only 4s and 4p sub shells are occupied

Question 26

What are group 15 elements called?

Answer 26

Pnictogens

Question 27

What are group 16 elements called?

Answer 27

Chalcogens