26.4 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Question 1

What is a carboxylic acid derivative?

Answer 1

Compound that can be hydrolysed to form the parent carboxylic acid chain

Question 2

Acyl chloride functional group

Answer 2

COCl

Question 3

How are acid anhydrides formed?

Answer 3

Removal of water from two carboxylic acid molecules

Question 4

Esterification

Answer 4

Reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to form an ester
Requires conc H2SO4 catalyst

Question 5

Acid hydrolysis of esters

Answer 5

Ester heated under reflux with dilute aqueous acid
Ester broken down by water - acid acts as a catalyst
Carboxylic acid and alcohol formed

Question 6

Alkaline hydrolysis of esters (SAPONIFICATION)

Answer 6

Irreversible
Ester heated under reflux with OH- ion s
Forms carboxylate ion and alcohol

Question 7

Carboxylic acid -> Acyl chloride

Answer 7

Heat with SoCl2

Question 8

Carbonyls that can react with phenol to form esters

Answer 8

Acyl chlorides
Acid anhydrides

Question 9

Acyl chloride -> carboxylic acid

Answer 9

Add H2O - HCl is also formed

Question 10

Which is more reactive - acid anhydride or acyl chloride?

Answer 10

Acyl chloride