2.1 Atomic Sructure And Isotopes

Question 1

What is the nuclear model of an atom?

Answer 1

Atom contains a nucleus in the centre with 2 types of subatomic particles - protons and neutrons
Around the outside, there are shells containing electrons

Question 2

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 2

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Question 3

Relative mass and charges of protons

Answer 3

Mass: 1
Charge: +1

Question 4

Relative mass and charges of neutrons

Answer 4

Mass: 1
Charge: 0

Question 5

Relative mass and charge of electrons

Answer 5

Mass: 1/1836
Charge: -1

Question 6

Where is the mass concentrated in an atom?

Answer 6

The nucleus

Question 7

What is the charge of an atom? Why?

Answer 7

An atom is neutral

Contains the same number of positive protons and negative electrons

Question 8

What affects the number of neutrons?

Answer 8

The size of nucleus

As nucleus gets larger, the neutrons increase

Question 9

What identifies an element?

Answer 9

The number of protons

Question 10

What is the atomic number?

Answer 10

The number of protons in an atom

Question 11

What is mass number?

Answer 11

Number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 12

What is an isotope?

Answer 12

An isotope of an element has the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons

Question 13

Letter that shows mass number

Answer 13

A

Question 14

Letter that shows atomic number

Answer 14

Z

Question 15

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

Answer 15

They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell, which is what affects the reactivity

Question 16

Why can isotopes have different physical properties?

Answer 16

Isotopes can be slightly heavier, so boiling/melting points and density can be different

Question 17

What are cations?

Answer 17

Positive ions formed by loss of electrons

Question 18

What are anions?

Answer 18

Negative ions formed by gain of electrons