7 Years War And Great Deportation Flashcards
Explain where New France and Rupert’s land and 13 colonies and the Haudenosaunee were
New France was at Quebec
13 colonies was at the coast by Nova Scotia
Ruperts land was surrounding Hudson’s bay
The Haudenosaunee were in between New France and the 13 colonies
Why might the French feel trapped
Th British are surrounding them so the only way out is the St.Lawrence river
Why might the English feel trapped
New France is in between the 13 colonies and Rupert land the only way around is water
How did the Haudenosaunee feel about the tension between New France and English
If war started the Haudenosaunee would be caught up in the middle and eventually would have to pick a side or leave
Most powerful navy
British
Most powerful army
French
Most First Nation allies
French
Most harbours
British
Most independent on home country
British
Most difficult forts to capture
French
Who are the Acadians
There were more than 10 000 They had a great relationship with the Mikmaq They spoke French They were catholic They went fishing and farming
Who was affected in the great deportation
Acadians
What happened in the great deportation
Governor Lawrence made the acadians take an oath loyalty to the British or no land
The Acadians just wanted peace they didn’t want to fight
The governor thought they were being disloyal
Burnt their homes and churches
Departed to 13 colonies, Caribbean, France or England and New Orleans
People escaped but drowned or starved or got a disesase
Where did the great deportation happen
Nova scotia
Why did the British want control of Louisbourg
Louisbourg was protecting any British from getting in the St.Lawrence river and was a very strong fortress
What season/year did the battle of Louisbourg start
Spring in 1758
What siege (war tactic) was used
They blockaded the harbour and city
They sank all their ships cutting them from supplies and reinforcements
They all basically starved to death
After 7 weeks Louisbourg surrendered
Why did the French hold out for 7 weeks
The French would be alerted and prepare for war
British have to resupply in Halifax
British have a strong navy by the time this all happens water is frozen
Therefore not enough time to get to Quebec City in the same year
Who was the French commander
Commander Marquis de Montcalm
Who was the British commander
General James Wolfe
How many French troops in the plains of Abraham
16 000
How many British troops in the plains of Abraham
9 000
What happened during the siege in the plains of Abraham
Wolfe attacked from the from their ships then deciding to go to the plains behind the fort during the night
Montcalm attacked from their fort
What was the gamble in the plains of Abraham
Wolfe waited the night out for Montcalm on the plains of Abraham
What was the surprise in the plains of Abraham
Montcalm awoke and was surprised with the British deciding to go head on out the fort to attack Wolfe and his troops instead of waiting for reinforcements
After the plains of Abraham what happened during the winter?
From 1759-1760 the English entered the city and found nothing but ruins.
The French fell back to Montreal.
When and where did the French surrender the plains of Abraham?
On the 8th of September 1760 the French surrendered at Montreal giving New France to the British.
How did the First Nations contribute to the fighting and wars in North America?
Most First Nations supported the French
Some Haudenosaunee sided with the English
They fought independently against the enemy
They also fought and died alongside their allies on the battlefield
Ex. 300 Odawa helped defend Quebec in the battle of the plains of Abraham
Why were the First Nations disappointed when the treaty between the French and English were signed?
They were disappointed because
During the peace process they weren’t invited
But the French made sure that the English wouldn’t take revenge
But they started losing land so they were considering war
Who was involved in chief Pontiac’s battle?
The Odawa and several other groups of First Nations
What happened in chief Pontiac’s battle?
They wanted to capture the fort of Detroit
Meanwhile captured 7/10 forts from the British
They though the French would help which they didn’t
The alliance Pontiac had was then broken when the British sent troops in
Where did chief Pontiac’s battle happen?
Detroit, south and west of Lake Erie
Why did chief Pontiac’s announce battle?
They were worried about losing more land to the British
The British were also not as generous as the French in the fur trade
Why was Pontiac’s war important?
They noticed that they would be a problem and would have to give them land
Also they are very strong
Who were the canadiens
The people who lived in New France
Why wasn’t the treaty of paris singled earlier?
When the battle of the plains of Abraham was done. The 3 years ahead England and France were fighting in Europe which England won.
What was the treaty of Paris?
It was a treaty signed in France saying
French gave up any claims they had in North America
British gave Guadeloupe and Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (by Newfoundland) to the French
What would eviction mean for French?
Deport them from British North America
What would assimilation mean for the French?
Give up their language and religion and become loyal British subjects
What would accommodation mean for the French?
Be left alone.
What did the British choose to do with the canadiens?
They chose assimilation because
Wanted to take away French language and culture
Wanted to stop any threat from the French
What did the British not choose to do with the Canadiens and why?
They didn’t choose eviction because
It was expensive and difficult to operate
They didn’t choose accommodation because
They were afraid that the French might get stronger and rebel against them
The effects of the royal proclamation on the British?
They put their government and court systems into place across North America
Effects of royal proclamation on the French?
Québec became much smaller
British government, laws and court systems would now be used (in English for everyone)
The Catholic Church lost is right to title (take a tax fee for the church)
Catholics were banned from government jobs
Effects of royal proclamation on the First Nations people?
The interior of the land was set aside for the First Nations
What were some cause and effects of the Quebec act?
Causes
Anti British feelings
Québec remained French speaking and catholic
War of independence was brewing in the 13 colonies
Effects Québec was expanded First Nation land was taken away Catholics can stay catholic French speaking rights were recognized French law would be used
How did the British deal with French speakers after claiming French territory?
Eviction: The Great Deportation 1755
Assimilation: The Royal Proclamation 1763
Accommodation: The Quebec Act 1774
What were the major events leading up to British control?
The deportation of acadians Battle of Louisbourg Battle of plains of Abraham Pontiac’s war Treaty of Paris The royal proclamation The Quebec act
