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Clinical Microbiology 2 > 7. Upper Respiratory > Flashcards

7. Upper Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Organism that causes whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

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2
Q

AKA endophthalmitis

A

Vitritis

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3
Q

Best detection method for pertussis?

A

PCR

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4
Q

Why are epiglottis diagnoses usually made clinically?

A

Collection of a specimen at the site can INCREASE THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTION

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5
Q

Bug that smells bleach-like

A

Eikenella corrodens

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6
Q

Eikenella corrodens is associated w/ what infection?

A

Perimandibular space infections

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7
Q

Most common causative agent of conjunctivitis?

A

Common cold (adenovirus)

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8
Q

Why no staph streak for eye infection culture set up?

A

Collection from eyes already a low organism count - may hide organism

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9
Q

Infection due to this organism causes formation of a grey pseudomembrane

A

Corynebacterium diptheria

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10
Q

Rapid antigen testing can be performed from this specimen

A

Throat swab

*culture still performed if negative

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11
Q

Causative agents of trench mouth

A

Grm negative fusiform anaerobes

Spirochetes

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12
Q

Necrotizing, ulcerative gingivitis

A

Vincent’s angina

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13
Q

Infection characterized by slow growing tumour-like nasal obstruction

A

Rhinoscleroma

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14
Q

Special media M7 is used for?

A

Requests for Mycoplasma - croup infections

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15
Q

5 bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis

A
  • S. aureus
  • H. influenzae
  • S. pneumoniae
  • M. catarrhalis
  • N. gonorrhoeae
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16
Q

Organisms endophthalmitis is associated with

A 
S. aureus
S. pneumoniae
P. aeruginosa
other streptococci
Bacillus cereus
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17
Q

4 uncommon bacteria that cause pharyngitis

A

C. diptheria
C. ulcerans
N. gonorrhoeae
N. meningitidis

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18
Q

Specimen collected for S. aureus carrier detection?

A

Anterior nares

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19
Q

Usual infection due to contact lenses and typical organism

A

Keratitis - P. aeruginosa

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20
Q

Primary etiologic agent of croup?

A

Parainfluenza viruses

Also may Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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21
Q

2 sinus infections and causative agent

A

Rhinoscleroma - Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis

Ozena - Klebsiella ozanae

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22
Q

Predominant organisms in peritonsillar abscess

A

Fusobacterium
Bacteroides
Anaerobic cocci

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23
Q

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum biochemical identification

A

Catalase NEG

CAMP reaction inhibited

24
Q

Most widely used media for culturing B. pertussis

A

Regan-Lowe

25
Q

Sinus infection that usually affects 10-30 yr olds; how it spreads

A

Rhinoscleroma - direct inhalation of organism

26
Q

When are group A/C/G strep reported?

A

Group A - always, regardless of amount

Groups C/G - only if it’ the predominant organism

27
Q

Infection characterized by disintegration of mucosal membranes and bony ridges of nose

28
Q

Specimen collected to detect N. meningitidis carriage

A

Throat swab

29
Q

Best specimen to collect for this infection is a blood culture

A

Epiglottis

30
Q

Infection of the mucous membranes of mouth

A

Stomatitis

31
Q

Antibiotic of choice for treatment whooping cough

A
  • Erythromycin

- Newer macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin)

32
Q

AKA laryngotracheobronchitis

33
Q

Otitis media empiric treatment

A

Amoxicillin

SXT if penicillin allergic

34
Q

What is blepharitis and typical causative agents

A

Eyelash follicle infection

S. aureus, herpes, lice (in children)

35
Q

How to get a true middle ear specimen?

A

Collect fluid from behind tympanic membrane

needle through eardrum if still intact; otherwise thin swab if broken eardrum

36
Q

Nasal passages are commonly colonized with?

A

CoNS

S. aureus

37
Q

Sinus infection that usually affects elderly; how it spreads

A

Ozena - colonizer; esp in immunocompromised

38
Q

Serious infection of the aqueous or vitreous humor

A

Endophthalmitis

39
Q

Specimen of choice for both culture and PCR of pertussis organisms

A
  • Nasopharyngeal aspirate

- NP swab

40
Q

2 special media used to detect Bordetella pertussis

A

Bordet-Gengou

Regan-Lowe

41
Q

AKA jugular thrombophlebitis

A

Lemierre’s disease (human necrobacillosis)

42
Q

AKA Quinzy

A

Peritonsillar abscess

43
Q

Liquid media for eye culture

A

BHI broth

Blood formulation w/ added Fildes

44
Q

How does the lab diagnose Vincent’s angina?

A

Examine Gram stained smear of scrapings from the gingiva

45
Q

Primary cause of otitis externa

A

P. aeruginosa (swimmer’s ear)

46
Q

AKA Vincent’s angina

A

Trench mouth

47
Q

This infection is diagnosed by looking for a fried egg colony formation

A

Croup (M. pneumoniae)

48
Q

Infective agents that usually cause stomatitis

A

Virus

occasionally bacterial or fungal

49
Q

Small, gram positive rods that may be curved, slightly gram-variable

A

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

50
Q

Patients are at risk of this infection if they have a peritonsillar abscess due to Fusobacterium necrophorum

A

Jugular thrombophlebitis

51
Q

2 potential complications of strep pharyngitis

A
  • Scarlet fever

- Rheumatic fever

52
Q

Media used to detect MRSA

A

Mannitol salt agar

Chromagar

53
Q

Causes of trench mouth

A

Poor oral hygiene
Poor nutrition
Stress

54
Q

Dental carries are due to which organisms?

A

Viridans

S. mutans

55
Q

Usual organism that causes epiglottis

A

Haemophilus influenzae type b

56
Q

Used for pertussis culture confirmation

Clinical Microbiology 2 (14 decks)

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