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Clinical Microbiology 2 > 2. Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections > Flashcards

2. Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Infections Flashcards

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1
Q

Cause of swimmer’s itch?

A

Parasitic skin infection by cercariae (burrows into skin)

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2
Q

Source of M. ulcerans

A

Tropical wetlands (swamps)

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3
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis agents

A
  • S. pyogenes
  • S. aureus
  • Anaerobes
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4
Q

Pyoderma that may be caused by Aeromonas (fresh water) or Vibrio (sea water)

A

Cellulitis

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5
Q

Begin as painless papules which become hemorrhagic vesicles that may become necrotic

A

Anthrax

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6
Q

Causes syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

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7
Q

5 uncommon bacterial infections of the skin

A
  • Mycetoma
  • Chromoblastomycosis
  • Phaeohyphomycosis
  • Mucormycosis
  • Lobomycosis
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8
Q

Skin infection due to HSV I? HSV II?

A

I - cold sores

II - genital herpes

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9
Q

Osler nodes and Janeway lesions are indicative of …?

A

Endocarditis

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10
Q

Fungal media should be added to all ________ specimens

A

burn

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11
Q

Erythrasma

A
  • Brown, scaly skin patches
  • Groin, inner thighs, armpits, toe webs
  • Usually in men, obese, diabetics

Corynebacterium minutissimum

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12
Q

Pyoderma common caused by Grp A strep; S. aureus more rare

A

Erysipelas

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13
Q

usually a progression of untreated impetigo

infection penetrates the dermis; painful sores at first, then deeper ulcers form

A

ecthyma

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14
Q

Tinea versicolour

A

Diffuse distribution of hypopigmented macules

Malassezia furfur (yeast)

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15
Q

Intertrigo

A

Infectious dermatitis common in skin folds of infants and obese adults

Candida albicans

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16
Q

2 infections in which Wood’s lamp is useful

A

Erythrasma - lesions fluoresce coral red

Dermatophyte infections - Microsporum fluoresces yellow-green

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17
Q

The only organisms that can grow using keratin

A

dermatophyte fungi

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18
Q

Treatment for this infection could be local hyperthermia (42-43 degC)

A

Sporotrichosis

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19
Q

“Swimming pool granuloma”

A

Mycobacterium marinum

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20
Q

Itraconazole (1st line drug) is for what infection?

A

Sporotrichosis

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21
Q

Pyoderma caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

Erysipeloid

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22
Q

TSI is often used to screen for this infection (causes H2S+)

A

Erysipeloid

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23
Q

Difference between TSS and scalded skin syndrome effect on skin layers?

A

TSS = necrosis of FULL epidermal layer

SSS = only top layers shed

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24
Q

German measles AKA ______ is caused by ________

A

rubella

Rubivirus

25
Q

Viral infection that is caused by HPV

A

Warts

26
Q

2 animal bite related organisms that show the same plate growth and only differ in 1 chemical test.
Which 2 organisms and which test?

A

Pasteurella multocida, Bergeyella zoohelcum

Urea (P. multocida is NEG)

27
Q

Myonecrosis agents

A

AKA gas gangrene when caused by C. perfringens, other Clostridium

Also:
Anaerobic strrep, Enterobacteriaceae

28
Q

Sulphur granules discharge is common in this infection

A

Actinomycosis

29
Q

Causative agent in non-bullous impetigo? Bullous imepetigo?

A

Non-bullous - Grp A strep

Bullous - S. aureus

30
Q

English measles AKA __________ is caused by ________

A

rubeola

Morbillivirus

31
Q

Treatment for uncommon bacterial skin infections?

A

Surgical debridement

32
Q

Small painful nodules on pads of fingers and toes due to immune complexes deposited in soft tissue

A

Osler nodes

33
Q

How to differentiate S. intermedius from S. aureus?

A

S. intermedius is PYR+

34
Q

4 types of infectious dermatitis

A

Intertrigo
Erythrasma
Dermatophytosis
Tinea versicolour

35
Q

Myositis agents

A

S. aureus, almost anything

36
Q

Uncommon bacterial skin infection that possibly involves bone

A

Mycetoma

37
Q

Toxin that causes scarlet fever? Causative agent?

A

Erythrogenic toxin. GAS.

38
Q

Acid-fast stains and culture are required for these infections

A

Mycobacterial infections

39
Q

Skin manifestation caused by S. aureus exfoliative toxins (pyrogenic)

A

Scalded skin syndrome

40
Q

Transmitted by body lice (organism + infection)

A

Bartonella quintana

Trench fever

41
Q

Term used to denote a dermatophyte infection

A

tinea

42
Q

Infection of nail cuticle

A

Paronychia

43
Q

Special media set up for this type of infection includes: PDA, Mycosel, IMA, SAB, 10% KOH direct exam

A

Dermatophyte

44
Q

Impetigo

A
  • Itchy - scratching spreads it
  • Disease of childhood
    Schools, daycares (crowded conditions)

GAS (non-bullous)
S. aureus (bullous)

45
Q

Borrelia burgdoferi

A

Lyme disease

bull’s eye lesion

46
Q

Small hemorrhagic spots that don’t blanch; usually caused by bacterial infections

A

Petechiae

47
Q

Bartonella henselae culture requirements and s/?

A

CHOC, BAP high humidity and CO2 helpful

gnb, occasionally curved

48
Q
  • Tricophyton
  • Microsporum
  • Epidermophyton

can all cause?

A

Dermatophytosis

49
Q

SXT (choice) also Imipenem, amikacin may be used to treat?

A

Nocardiosis

50
Q

2 Mycobacterium where the source can be soil

A

M. foruitum

M. chelonae

51
Q

Animal bite related, long fusiform gnb that exhibits gliding motility

A

Capnocytophaga canimorsus

52
Q

Painless hemorrhagic macules on palms and soles

A

Janeway lesions

53
Q

Specimens required for dermatophyte infection?

A

Dry skin scraping

Hair or nail clippings

54
Q

Purpose of KOH in wet prep direct microscope examination of skin scrapings

A

Clears tissues => easier to see fungal elements

55
Q

Specimens collected for Bartonella henselae infection?

A

Lesion biopsies, blood cultures

56
Q

Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is associated with what bacteria?

A

Pseudomonas

Also S. aureus, Candida

57
Q

Antifungal amphotericin B is used to treat..?

A

Mucormycosis

58
Q

Streptobacullus moniliformis is the causative agent of?

A

Rat bites

Clinical Microbiology 2 (14 decks)

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