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Clinical Microbiology 2 > - > Flashcards

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1
Q

Enterococci isolated from urine shows up on the vancomycin agar screen test. What is the next step?

A

Look for pigment and set up motility and rapid xylose test

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2
Q

Aspergillus is best distinguished from Penicillium by..?

A

Arrangement of conidia

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3
Q

These lesions fluoresce under a Wood’s lamp

A

Erythrasma

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4
Q

Calcofluor white WITH KOH is for which organism?

A

Aspergillus

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5
Q

Abx used to treat MRSA w/ bone marrow suppression side effect

A

Linezolid

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6
Q

SP4 agar selects for..?

A

Mycoplasma

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7
Q

Most accurate detection of mecA-mediated oxacillin resistance is accomplished by..?

A

Testing cefoxitin via disc or broth method

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8
Q

Organism that is universally S to penicillin

A

S. pyogenes

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9
Q

Minimum amount of abx that INHIBITS VISIBLE GROWTH

A

MIC

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10
Q

Most sensitive indicator of carbapenamase production

A

Ertapenem

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11
Q

Correct pH of agar media?

A

7.2 - 7.4

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12
Q

Antibiotic of choice for whooping cough treatment

A

Erythromycin

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13
Q

Penicillin G is likely used for the treatment of this genital infection

A

Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)

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14
Q

Characteristic shared by Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, Vibrio

A

Oxidase production

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15
Q

How to tell Bacillus from Clostridium?

A

Clostridia rarely form spores aerobically - swell the cell when formed

Bacillus rarely form spores anaerobically - don’t swell the cell

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16
Q

Nodular lymphangitis caused by Sporothrix schenckii

A

Sporotrichosis

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17
Q

Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton are genera associated with infections in…?

A

keratinized tissues

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18
Q

Bronchial brush collection is the best method for isolating this pathogen

A

Chlamydiophila pneumoniae

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19
Q

N. gonnrrhoeae is a ___________ (atmosphere) organism

A

capnophilic

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20
Q

gnb, curved gullwing

A

Campylobacter

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21
Q

Cause of acute exudative pharyngitis

A

S. pyogenes

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22
Q

How to determine S. aureus beta-lactamase production?

A

Assess zone edge of a susceptible penicillin disc diffusion test

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23
Q

Infection that would cause stools w/ watery flecks of mucous and cells

A

Cholera

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24
Q

CSF due to S. pneumoniae - what test to perform to best determine susceptibility to penicillin?

A

Penicillin MIC strip

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25
Q

Most common causative agent of folliculitis

A

S. aureus

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26
Q

When would a physician treat a patient w/ an abx that is reported as “Intermediate”

A

The drug concentrates in the site of the infection

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27
Q

Characteristic skin lesions associated w/ Pseudomonas bacteremia, which manifest as a black eschar, are known as..?

A

Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG)

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28
Q

A bloody, cloudy and foul smelling urine is commonly seen in..?

A

Cystitis

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29
Q

Associated with CHRONIC paronychia

A

Candida albicans

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30
Q

Organism that is always reported when isolated from a vag-rectal swab

A

GBS

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31
Q

Purpose of KOH in Calcofluor White/KOH prep?

A

Clear all keratinized tissue

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32
Q

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin?

A

Oxacillin

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33
Q

Decarboxylase test - initially yellow if the organism is a __________ fermented

A

glucose

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34
Q

Fungi and AFB cultures usually yield this organism despite NG on routine media

A

Nocardia

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35
Q

Causes diarrheal disease, but not associated w/ systemic infection

A

E. coli O157:H7

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36
Q

‘Bowling pin’- like yeast; growth enhanced around an olive oil saturated disc

A

Malassezia furfur

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37
Q

MIC is read where the trailing endpoint _______

38
Q

Appearance of normal flora on HEK

A

Yellow-orange, opaque

39
Q

E. coli indole: ?

A

Indole positive

40
Q

CLSI recommends this only for Enterobacteriacea and P. aeruginosa

41
Q

H. ducreyi causes this infection

42
Q

S. aureus that is R to oxacillin but S to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is most probably..?

A

a B-lactamase producing strain

43
Q

Result of Salmonella on TSI

A

K/A H2S+ gas

44
Q

This broth is better for Shigella than Selenite broth

45
Q

Organism associated w/ STIs that CANNOT be cultured

A

Treponema pallidum (syphilis)

46
Q

Most commonly isolated carbapenemases?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)

47
Q

Common bacterial cause of acute otitis MEDIA

A

S. pneumoniae (P. aeruginosa is for otitis EXTERNA)

48
Q

A positive lecithinase test is indicated by..?

A

Zone of insoluble precipitates in the medium

49
Q

Causes tinea versicolour

A

Malassezia furfur

50
Q

Campy media may also grow these 2 organisms

A
  • Pseudmonas

- Yeasts

51
Q

Appearance of Salmonella on HEK

A

Clear, green w/ black center

52
Q

A slow progression that does NOT usually involve muscle and bone; characterized by wart-like, cauliflower-like masses

A

Chromoblastomycosis

53
Q

Result of E. coli on TSI

54
Q

Localized cellulitis seen mostly on hands and fingers; associated w/ fishermen + meant and animal handlers

A

Erysipeloid

55
Q

2 orgs that could be used in QC testing of motility media

A

E. coli

K. pneumoniae

56
Q

2 infective agents that cause cervicitis

A

N. gonorrhoeae

Chlamydia trachomatis

57
Q

Methods suitable for HLAR testing in enterococci?

A

Disc diffusion
Agar dilution
Broth dilution

58
Q

A specimen suspected of this respiratory pathogen should be filtered before inoculation to media

A

Mycoplasma

59
Q

Novobiocin: R => which organism?

A

Staph saprophyticus

60
Q

How to detect VISA and VRSA in the lab?

A

Determine actual vancomycin MIC

61
Q

Most sensitive substrate for direct detection of beta-lactamases

A

Nitrocefin

62
Q

Inhibitor resistant TEM (IRT) are susceptible to..

A

inhibition by tazobactam only

63
Q

Morphology of colonies that should be further investigated on CIN agar?

A

Pink bullseye

64
Q

Result on Shigella on TSI

65
Q

Abx used to treat MRSA w/ myopathies side effect (affects muscle function)

A

Daptomycin

66
Q

Referred to as gas gangrene when caused by clostridia

A

Myonecrosis

67
Q

NFBs would cause what result on a TSI slant?

68
Q

Cefoxitin disc diffusion test on E. coli is used to.. ?

A

Screen for AmpC beta-lactamase production

69
Q

Associated w/ discharge of sulphur granules and “lumpy jaw”

A

Actinomyces israelii

70
Q

Organism that can cause pseudo-appendicitis, multiplies in lymph nodes

A

Yersinia enterocolita

71
Q

Most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

72
Q

How does low pH of media affect aminoglycosides and macrolides?

A

False resistance

73
Q

Used to detect staph BOUND coagulase + how a positive result looks like

A

Slide coagulase

Agglutination with background clearing

74
Q

Fementable carbohydrate in CIN media?

75
Q

Organism implicated with transfusion related infections

A

Yersinia enterocolita (can survive refrigeration)

76
Q

How does low pH of media affect tetracycline?

A

Falsely high potency (larger zone = false S)

77
Q

Myonecrosis is a ________ extensive necrosis than that seen in myositis

78
Q

Which organism has an erythrogenic toxin that causes scarlet fever, strawberry tongue, sandpaper rash

A

Streptococcus pyogenes (Grp A strep)

79
Q

Only interpreted if mCIM is positive and is only used for __________

A

Enterobacteriacea

80
Q

Significant patient factor that increases risk of VRE infection

A

Indwelling urinary catheter

81
Q

Calcofluor white WITHOUT KOH is for which organism?

A

Pneumocystis

82
Q

Minimum amount of abx that KILLS the organism

83
Q

Chemical injury to lung tissues by aspirated stomach acids

A

Aspiration pneumonitis

84
Q

Media appropriate for a rectal swab submitted for screening for an abx resistant organism on an adult patient transferred from another hospital

A

Bile esculin azide vancomycin agar

85
Q

“Bull’s eye” rash is characteristic of..?

A

Lyme disease

86
Q

2 most common causative agents of epididymitis in men under 35

A

N. gonorrhoeae

Chlamydia trachomatis

87
Q

gncb “school of fish” arrangement

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

88
Q

Trailing endpoints can be seen with this abx

89
Q

Appearance of Shigella on HEK

A

Clear, green

90
Q

Media for rapidly screening for Aeromonas in a stool specimen

Clinical Microbiology 2 (14 decks)

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