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chemistry > 7 oxidation reduction redox > Flashcards

7 oxidation reduction redox Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a redox reaction?

A

reduction and oxidation reaction occurring simultaneously

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2
Q

what is oxidation?

A

loss of electrons

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3
Q

what is reduction

A

gain of electrons

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4
Q

define oxidising agent

A

electron acceptor

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5
Q

define reducing agent

A

electron donor

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6
Q

define oxidation state

A

the number assigned to atoms in a compound to follow which elements are gaining or losing electrons in a reaction

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7
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of uncombined elements?

A

always 0

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8
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of ions?

A

always equal to their charge

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9
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of group 1 elements?

A

always +1

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10
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of group 2 elements?

A

always +2

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11
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of aluminium?

A

always +3

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12
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of hydrogen?

A

+1
except in metal hydrides/bonded to F

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13
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of chlorine?

A

-1
except when bonded to F or O

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14
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of fluorine?

A

always -1

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15
Q

what is the rule for oxidation states of oxygen?

A

-2
except in peroxides or bonded to F, where it is -1

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16
Q

what is the acronym for remembering what order to assign oxidation states in?

A

Under
My
Face
Here’s
Our
Chin

17
Q

what does ‘Under My Face Here’s Our Chin’ stand for?

A

Uncombined elements
Metals
Fluorine
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Chlorine

18
Q

what does an increase in oxidation state of an element show?

A

oxidation

19
Q

what does a decrease in oxidation state of an element show?

A

reduction

20
Q

how do you tell if an element has been oxidised in an equation?

A

increase in oxidation number

21
Q

how do you tell if an element has been reduced in an equation?

A

decrease in oxidation state

22
Q

how do roman numerals show the oxidation state of a transition metal or an oxyanion

A

roman numeral = positive oxidation state
eg. Fe (III) = Fe3+

23
Q

how do you balance half equations?

A
  1. balance any atoms (not O or H)
  2. balance O by adding water molecules
  3. balance H by adding H+ ions
  4. balance charges by adding electrons

chemistry (34 decks)

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