7- Hormones Flashcards
oxytocin
hypothalamus/neurohypophysis
uterus, mammary glands, and brain cells
stimulates the uterus to contract during childbirth, the mammary glands to release milk, and promotes social connections
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
hypothalamus/neurohypophysis
kidneys
stimulates the kidneys to conserve water to limit the amount released in urine
releasing hormones
hypothalamus
adenohypophysis
stimulate adenohypophysis
growth hormone (GH)
adenohypophysis
primarily bones and muscles
promotes growth
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
adenohypophysis
adrenal cortex
stimulates adrenal cortex
cortisol
adrenal cortex
cells in many organs
stimulates metabolism and inhibits inflammation; a glucocorticoid (class of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex)
epinephrine/adrenaline
adrenal medulla
cells in many organs
stimulates fight-or-flight in response to stress
insulin
pancreas
most cells in the body
stimulates cells to take in glucose thereby decreasing blood sugar levels
glucagon
pancreas
primarily liver cells
stimulates the process of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to increase blood glucose levels
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
adenohypophysis
thyroid gland
stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T4 and T3
triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
thyroid gland
cells throughout the body
stimulate metabolism
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
parathyroid glands
bones and kidneys
helps to regulate calcium levels in the blood
testosterone
gonads
many cells in the body
stimulate development of sperm and male secondary sex characteristics
estrogen
gonads
endometrium of the uterus and many other cells in the body
stimulates development of female secondary sex characteristics and processes to prepare for pregnancy
dwarfism
hyposecretion
growth hormone
