5- Pathology and Diagnosis/Treatment

Question 1

achondroplasia

Answer 1

cartilage formation defect, a cause of dwarfism

Question 2

ankylosis

Answer 2

bent, crooked, or stiff joint; abnormal fusion of the bone

Question 3

arthritis

Answer 3

inflammation of joint(s)

Question 4

arthrodysplasia

Answer 4

abnormal joint development

Question 5

atrophy

Answer 5

decrease in size, wasting away

Question 6

crepitus, crepitation

Answer 6

grating or crackling sound; Latin crepare “crackle”

Question 7

genu valgum

Answer 7

knock-knee; Latin genu + valgus “knee, bow-legged”

Question 8

genu varum

Answer 8

bowlegged; Latin genu + varus “knee, separate”

Question 9

graphospasm

Answer 9

writer’s cramp

Question 10

hypertrophy

Answer 10

excess growth, abnormally large

Question 11

kyphosis

Answer 11

hump back; abnormal forward curvature of upper spine

Question 12

lordosis

Answer 12

sway back; abnormal forward curvature of lower spine

Question 13

muscular dystrophy

Answer 13

group of diseases causing progressive muscle degeneration

Question 14

myoclonus

Answer 14

sudden involuntary muscle contraction

Question 15

myosarcoma

Answer 15

muscle cancer

Question 16

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 16

brittle bone disease

Question 17

osteoporosis

Answer 17

loss of bone density, causes weak, brittle bones

Question 18

osteosarcoma

Answer 18

bone cancer

Question 19

rheumatoid arthritits

Answer 19

chronic joint inflammation, an autoimmune disease

Question 20

scoliosis

Answer 20

crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of spine

Question 21

septic arthritis

Answer 21

infection of the joint

Question 22

subluxation

Answer 22

partial dislocation

Question 23

analgesic

Answer 23

pain relieving drug

Question 24

anti-arthritic

Answer 24

joint inflammation opposing drug

Question 25

anti-inflammatory

Answer 25

inflammation opposing drug

Question 26

antipyretic

Answer 26

fever reducing drug

Question 27

arthroscopy

Answer 27

procedure of looking into a joint using a special camer

Question 28

closed reducation

Answer 28

reduce fracture without surgery

Question 29

computed tomography

Answer 29

computer-aided x-ray imaging procedure

Question 30

electromyogram

Answer 30

measure of electrical activity of a muscle

Question 31

external fixation

Answer 31

stabilize fracture from outside body (external rods and pins)

Question 32

internal fixation

Answer 32

stabilize fracture from inside body (screws, pins, plates)

Question 33

open reduction

Answer 33

reduce a fracture surgically

Question 34

magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 34

non x-ray computerized imaging, good for soft tissue

Question 35

open fracture

Answer 35

fracture with associated open wound near the site of injury

Question 36

orthotic

Answer 36

brace, shoe insert