Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Social Psychology > 7 Conflict and Peacemaking > Flashcards

7 Conflict and Peacemaking Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

https://www.brainscape.com/p/5DE3G-LH-DECY3

A

Social Dilemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by
each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior.

Examples:
1. The Prisoner’s Dilemma
2. The Tragedy of the Commons

A

Social Trap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Social traps emphasize the
conflict of immediate self-interest versus group cooperation, while social dilemmas focus more on long-term harm caused by
immediate gains.

A

FALSE

Social traps focus more on long-term harm caused by
immediate gains, while social dilemmas emphasize the
conflict of immediate self-interest versus group cooperation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

From Features of Conflict

refers to the tendency for
people to overemphasize personal characteristics (disposition) and underestimate situational factors when explaining someone else’s behavior.

A

The Fundamental Attribution Error

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

From Features of Conflict

Motives often change

A

Evolving Motives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

From Features of Conflict

The two sides’ profits and losses need not add up to zero. Both can win; both can lose.

A

Outcomes need not sum to zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

5 ways to resolve social dilemmas

A
  1. Regulation
  2. Small is beautiful
  3. Communication
  4. Changing the payoffs
  5. Appealing to Altruistic Norms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

In competition-fostering situations, groups behave more competitively than individuals (Wildschut et al., 2003, 2007).

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 C’s of Peacemaking

A

Contact
Cooperation
Communication
Conciliation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False

Contact does not predict tolerance.

A

FALSE

Contact predicts tolerance.

Evidence: In 94 percent of studies, increased contact predicted decreased prejudice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

School desegregation produced measurable benefits, such
as leading more Blacks to attend and succeed in college
(Stephan, 1988)

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Many studies conducted during and shortly after
desegregation found Whites’ attitudes toward Blacks
did not improve.

A

FALSE

It improved markedly.

“Many studies conducted during and shortly after
desegregation found Whites’ attitudes toward Blacks
improving markedly.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FALSE

It improved markedly.

“Many studies conducted during and shortly after
desegregation found Whites’ attitudes toward Blacks
improving markedly.”

A

System Justification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

“mere exposure” can produce liking in the context of improving racial attitudes.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Survivors of shared pain or more extreme crises, such as a bombing, also often report a spirit of cooperation solidarity rather than all-for-themselves panic (Bastian et
al., 2014; Drury et al., 2009).

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

goals that unite all in a group and require cooperative effort

A

Superordinate Goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Closely related to the unifying power of an external threat is not the unifying power of superordinate goals

A

FALSE

“Closely related to the unifying power of an external threat is the unifying power of superordinate goals “

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Economic interdependence through international trade also motivates peace

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The foundation for resolving disagreements

A

Communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Types of Conflict Resolution

A
  1. Bargaining
  2. Mediation
  3. Arbitration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

seeking an agreement through direct negotiations
between parties

A

Bargaining

22
Q

an attempt by a neutral third party to resolve a conflict by facilitating communications and offering suggestions.

A

Mediation

23
Q

Two types of Mediation

A

-Integrative Agreements
-Win-lose to Win-win

24
Q

Win-win agreements that
reconcile both parties’ interests to their mutual benefit.

A

Integrative Agreements

25
Q

Mediator aims to replace
win-lose cooperation with a win-win orientation, adding them to set aside their conflict and instead think
about each other’s needs, interests, and goals.

A

Win-lose to Win-win

26
Q

resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who
studies both sides and imposes a settlement.

A

Arbitration

27
Q

Bring two disputing sides together to discuss the
problem with the aim of reaching an agreement

A

Conciliation

28
Q

The basic idea is that one side can initiate de-escalation by making a small, unilateral (one-sided) concession to the other side, and at the same time, communicating a desire or even an expectation that this gesture will be matched with unequal response from the opponent does response from the opponent. If the opponent does respond positively, the first party can make a second concession, and a “peace spiral” begins.

A

GRIT (Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension
Reduction)

29
Q

● Behavior undertaken to help another individual, and for which an internal or external reward may be received
● These actions are characterized by a concern for the rights, feelings, and welfare of other people.

A

Prosocial Behavior

30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

The following are the benefits of prosocial behavior.

  1. Mood Boosting
  2. Social Support Benefits
  3. Stress Reduction
A

True

31
Q

What are the types of Prosocial Behavior?

PRA

A

Proactive
Reactive
Altruistic

32
Q

These are prosocial actions that serve self-benefitting purposes.

A

Proactive

33
Q

These are actions that are performed in response to individual needs.

A

Reactive

34
Q

These include actions that are meant to help others without any expectations of personal gain.

A

Altruistic

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Proactive prosocial actions were found to often be
motivated by status-linked goals and popularity
within a group.

A

TRUE

36
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Altruistic prosocial behaviors, on the other hand, were more closely linked to being liked by the society and achieving shared goals.

A

FALSE

“peers” instead of society

“Altruistic prosocial behaviors, on the other hand, were more closely linked to being liked by peers and achieving shared goals.”

37
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Altruism is the motivation of the action is the focus,
whereas with prosocial behavior the focus is on the
action taken rather than the motivation behind the
action.

A

TRUE

38
Q

Behaviors that harms others, and often manifested in total disregard to others and how they feel.

A

Antisocial Behavior

39
Q

when individuals treat others in a harsh way, are indifferent to what others are feeling, and agitate others with no feeling of remorse or guilt.

A

Antisocial Behavior

40
Q

Why do we help others?

A
  1. Evolutionary Influences (Kin Theory)
  2. Personal Benefits
  3. Reciprocal Behavior
  4. Socialization
  5. Empathy-altruism
41
Q

Kin selection suggests that helping family members increases the survival chances of shared genes.

A

Evolutionary Influences (Kin Theory)

42
Q

Prosocial actions can boost self-image, lead to reciprocal kindness, and provide a sense of fulfillment.

A

Personal Benefits

43
Q

The norm of reciprocity encourages helping
others, as it increases the likelihood of receiving help in return.

A

Reciprocal Behavior

44
Q

Prosocial behaviors are often fostered during
childhood through encouragement and
modeling.

A

Socialization

45
Q

If someone feels empathy or compassion, they are more likely to help without expecting anything in return

A

Empathy-driven

46
Q

Tendency for people to become less likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other people also present

A

Bystander Effect

47
Q

More likely to engage in prosocial behavior, even when there are no others around or no benefit to their reputation.

A

Altruistic Personality

48
Q

Tendency people have to behave like those around them rather than using their own personal judgment

A

Conformity Bias

49
Q

Feelings play a major role in most of the decisions made and it’s impossible to make
any decisions without emotions.

A

Moral Emotions

50
Q

Diffusion of Responsibility

A

The more people who are around, the less personal responsibility people feel in a
situation

Social Psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions