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Social Psychology > 6. Attachment and Intimacy > Flashcards

6. Attachment and Intimacy Flashcards

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1
Q

For our ancestors, mutual attachments enabled ____.

A

group survival

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2
Q

The act of excluding or ignoring someone from a group or society as a form of social control or social rejection

A

ostracism

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3
Q

Factors that lead to friendship

A
  1. Proximity
  2. Physical Attractiveness
  3. Similarity
  4. Feeling liked nurtures
    liking and loving.
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4
Q

refers to geographical nearness or more precisely, “functional distance” that powerfully predicts liking.

A

Proximity

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5
Q

contributes to the wariness of the unfamiliar, explaining the automatic and unconscious prejudice experienced towards those who are different.

A

mere exposure effect

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6
Q

The tendency for novel stimuli to be
liked more or rated more positively
after the rater has been repeatedly
exposed to them

A

mere exposure effect

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7
Q

is important in dating, particularly on first impressions. However, as relationships develop over time, people prioritize personality traits and shared interests over physical appearance.

A

Physical attractiveness

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8
Q

The tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a “good match” in attractiveness and other traits.

A

matching phenomenon

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9
Q

The presumption that physically
attractive people possess other
socially desirable traits as well: What is beautiful is good.

A

physical attractiveness stereotype

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10
Q

perceived promptly and primes positive processing.

A

physical attractiveness

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11
Q

mostly affects first impressions and it doesn’t always outrank other qualities.

A

physical attractiveness

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12
Q

is whatever the people of any given place and time find attractive.

A

attractiveness

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13
Q

Perception of attractiveness is influenced by exposure
to idealized images and standards.

A

social comparison

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14
Q

tends to make us see
those we like as being like us.

A

false consensus bias

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15
Q

The use of strategies, such as
flattery, by which people seek to gain another’s favor.

A

ingratiation

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16
Q

The theory that we like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events.

A

reward theory of attraction

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17
Q

the closeness each partner feels to the other and the strength of the bond that binds them together.

A

intimacy

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18
Q

based on romantic feelings, physical attraction, and sexual intimacy with the partner.

A

passion

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19
Q

represents cognitive factors such as
acknowledging that one is in love and committed to maintaining the
relationship.

A

commitment

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20
Q

A state of intense longing for union with another.

A

passionate love

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21
Q

is emotional, exciting, and intense.

A

passionate love

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22
Q

it often involves an idealization of the other person and a need to maintain constant physical closeness.

A

passionate love

23
Q

An emotional arousal caused by an
exciting experience such as an
amusement park ride may be confused for sexual attraction.

a theory of passionate love

A

Two-factor theory of emotion

24
Q

makes the heart grow fonder

A

adrenaline

25
Q

is the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined.

A

companionate love

26
Q

is a powerful survival impulse.

A

attachment

27
Q

refer to the way our primary caregivers interacted with us as infants, and how those interactions affect our relationships in adulthood

A

attachment styles

28
Q

Attachments rooted in trust and marked by intimacy

A

secure attachment

29
Q

Attachments marked by discomfort over, or resistance to, being close to others.

A

avoidant attachment

30
Q

Attachments marked by anxiety or ambivalence. An insecure attachment style.

A

Anxious attachment

31
Q

is a condition in which the outcomes people receive
from a relationship are proportional to what they
contribute to it.

A

equity

32
Q

refers to revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.

A

self-disclosure

33
Q

tendency for one person’s intimacy of self-disclosure to match that of a conversational partner

A

disclosure reciprocy

34
Q

A motive to increase another’s welfare without conscious regard for one’s self-interests.

A

altruism

35
Q

The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one’s rewards and minimize one’s costs.

A

social exchange theory

36
Q

An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them

A

reciprocity norm

37
Q

An expectation that people will help those needing help.

A

social-responsibility

38
Q

If you carry my genes, I’ll favor you. The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one’s close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes.

A

kin selection

39
Q

We scratch each other’s backs. Genetic self-interest
also predicts reciprocity. An organism helps another because it expects help in return

A

Direct reciprocity:

40
Q

I’ll scratch your back, you scratch someone’s, and someone will scratch mine.

A

Indirect reciprocity:

41
Q

Back-scratching groups survive. When groups are in competition, groups of mutually supportive altruists outlast groups of nonaltruists

A

Group selection:

42
Q

The vicarious experience of another’s feelings; putting oneself in another’s shoes.

A

Empathy

43
Q

People are more likely to help someone if no one sees him helping someone else.

A

bystaders

44
Q

People are more likely to help someone if no one sees him helping someone else.

A

bystander effect

45
Q

People are more likely to help someone if no one sees him helping someone else.

A

Bystanders

46
Q

Indicative of someone who highly values getting along with others.

A

agreeableness

47
Q

a personality trait that refers to an individual’s ability to regulate their behavior to fit different social
situations.

A

self-monitoring

48
Q

more often help when
strangers who need help
are faced with potentially
dangerous situations.

A

men

49
Q

are slightly more
likely to help in safer
situations.

A

women

50
Q

predicts altruism, as reflected in volunteerism and charitable contributions

A

religious faith

51
Q

how to promote altruism?

A

reverse those factors that
inhibit it.

52
Q

refers to observing and
learning from the actions of others.

A

Real-life modeling

53
Q

refers to the idea that
prosocial media can positively influence viewers’ behavior, promoting altruism.

A

Media Modeling

Social Psychology (9 decks)

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