2. Group Influence and Social Conformity

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

Two or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as “us.”

Question 2

Original meaning of Social Facilitation

Answer 2

the tendency of people to perform simple or well- learned tasks better when others are present

Question 3

Current meaning of Social Facilitation

Answer 3

the strengthening of dominant (prevalent, likely) responses in the presence of others

Question 4

A psychologist interested in bicycle racing, noticed that cyclists’ times were faster when they raced together than when each raced alone against the clock.

Answer 4

NORMAN TRIPLETT (1898)

Question 5

Who is the proponent?

In this study, the audience’s presence arouses them, which actually enhances their performance. They deliver confidently and effectively because the response (teaching) is dominant and well-learned.

Answer 5

ROBERT ZAJONC (1965)

Question 6

Crowding

Answer 6

examines how a large number of individuals might impact a person’s performance, conduct, and emotional condition

Question 7

Social Loafing

Answer 7

examines how a large number of individuals might impact a person’s performance, conduct, and emotional condition

Question 8

SOCIAL FACILITATION VS SOCIAL LOAFING

Answer 8

When individuals lack accountability and cannot self-evaluate, responsibility is spread across the group, leading to “social loafing”. In contrast, when individuals are evaluated directly and made the center of attention, they tend to monitor their own behavior closely, a phenomenon known as “social facilitation”

Question 9

To motivate group members, one strategy is to?

Answer 9

To motivate group members, one strategy is to make individual performance identifiable

Question 10

Factors Influencing Social Loafing

Answer 10

• Group Size (loafing increases as the size of the group increases)
• Culture
• Free-riding
• Task importance (loaf less when the task is challenging, appealing, or involving)
• Interpersonal connections

Question 11

Deindividuation

Answer 11

Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension

Question 12

deindividuation occurs in ?

Answer 12

group situations that foster responsiveness to group norms, good or bad

Question 13

CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO DEINDIVIDUATION

Answer 13

I. GROUP SIZE
II. ANONYMITY
III. AROUSING AND DISTRACTING ACTIVITIES

Question 14

Group Size

Answer 14

A group has the power not only to arouse its members but also to render them unidentifiable

Question 15

Baiting Effect

Answer 15

In 21 cases of potential suicides from a building or bridge, crowd size and time of day influenced behavior.
Small Crowds & Daylight: Rarely encouraged the individual to jump.
Large Crowds & Darkness: Often baited the individual to jump due to anonymity.

Question 16

Lynch Mobs (Mullen, 1986)

Answer 16

Larger mobs enable members to commit extreme acts (e.g.,burning, lacerating), as personal accountability decreases

Question 17

ANONYMITY

Answer 17

state in which individuals feel unidentifiable or hidden within a group that reduces personal accountability and selfawareness

Question 18

AROUSING AND DISTRACTING ACTIVITIES

Answer 18

Aggressive outbursts by large groups that are often preceded by minor actions that arouse and divert people’s attention

Question 19

Impulsive group action absorbs our ____

Answer 19

Impulsive group action absorbs our attention