7) Autonomic Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

Is the ANS part of peripheral or central nervous system?

A

Peripheral

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2
Q

What parts of the brain can control/effect the ANS?

A

Central control from hypothalamus

Limbic system can have effects due to emotional response

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3
Q

What are the target tissues of the ANS?

A

Smooth muscle and glands

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4
Q

Which spinal cord segments provide sympathetic innervation to the head and neck?

A

T1 and T2

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5
Q

Describe the route of sympathetic nerve fibres to the head and neck:

A

Preganglionic fibres ascend up sympathetic chain to synapse at superior or middle ganglion. Post ganglion fibres ‘hitch hike’ on carotid arteries via carotid plexus

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6
Q

Where does the carotid plexus around external carotid artery end?

A

Face - sweat glands and BVs

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7
Q

Where does the carotid plexus around internal carotid artery end?

A

Eye (via ophthalmic artery) - tarsal muscle (contraction of eyelid) and dilator pupillae

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8
Q

How do sympathetic fibres get to the eyelid?

A

Oculomotor nerve

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9
Q

How do sympathetic fibres get to muscles of iris?

A

Trigeminal nerve branch

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10
Q

What is Horner’s syndrome?

What are some symptoms?

A

Interruption to sympathetic supply of head and neck

Miosis, partial ptosis, anhidrosis

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11
Q

What are some causes of Horner’s syndrome?

A

Carotid artery dissection

Apical lung tumour

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12
Q

What nerves do parasympathetic nerve fibres ‘hitch hike’ on?

A

Oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus

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13
Q

Describe the route of parasympathetic fibre associated with the oculomotor nerve:
(include what the fibres innervate)

A

Pass through ciliary ganglion, post ganglionic associated with trigeminal nerve branch, carried to sphincter pupillae and ciliary body (lens changes)

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14
Q

Describe the route of parasympathetic fibre associated with the glossopharngeal nerve:
(include what the fibres innervate)

A

Pass through otic ganglion, post ganglionic associated with trigeminal branch, carried to parotid gland

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15
Q

Describe the route of parasympathetic fibre associated with the vagus nerve:
(include what the fibres innervate)

A

Synapse near target tissue
Glands in laryngopharynx , larynx, trachea and oesophagus
Thorax and abdomen

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16
Q

What 3 branches does the facial nerve split into in the petrous part of the temporal bone?

A

Chorda tympani, greater petrosal and nerve to stapedius

17
Q

Describe the route of parasympathetic fibre associated with the chorda tympani:
(include what the fibres innervate)

A

Submandibular ganglion then hitch hike on trigeminal to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

18
Q

Describe the route of parasympathetic fibre associated with the greater petrosal nerve:
(include what the fibres innervate)

A

Pterygopalantine ganglion then hitch hike on trigeminal to lacrimal and mucosal (nasal) glands

19
Q

Where will a lesion to facial nerve affect all PSNS fibres?

A

Before geniculate ganglion