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Pharm U3 > 7) Anxiolytics > Flashcards

7) Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the class for Diazepam (Valium)

A

Benzodiazepine

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2
Q

What is the mechanism for Diazepam (Valium)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 43 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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3
Q

What are the therapeutics for Diazepam (Valium)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; anticonvulsant; muscle relaxant

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4
Q

What are the other side effects for Diazepam (Valium)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

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5
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Diazepam (Valium)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

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6
Q

What is the class for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

Benzodiazepine

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7
Q

What is the mechanism for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 10 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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8
Q

What are the therapeutics for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar

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9
Q

What are the other side effects for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

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10
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

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11
Q

What is the class for Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Benzodiazepine

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12
Q

What is the mechanism for Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 14 hours

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13
Q

What are the therapeutics for Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; sedation; anticonvulsant; prevent withdrawal symptoms in alcoholics

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14
Q

What are the other side effects for Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

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15
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA; directly conjugated into inactive metabolite

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16
Q

What is the class for Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

Benzodiazepine

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17
Q

What is the mechanism for Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 74 hours (active metabolites up to 100 hours)

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18
Q

What are the therapeutics for Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar

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19
Q

What are the other side effects for Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

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20
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Flurazepam (Dalmane)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

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21
Q

What is the class for Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Benzodiazepine

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22
Q

What is the mechanism for Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 12 hours

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23
Q

What are the therapeutics for Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; sedation

24
Q

What are the other side effects for Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

25
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

26
Q

What is the class for Midazolam (Versed)

A

Benzodiazepine

27
Q

What is the mechanism for Midazolam (Versed)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 1.9 hours

28
Q

What are the therapeutics for Midazolam (Versed)

A

Anesthesia (calming effects, production of anterograde amnesia)

29
Q

What are the other side effects for Midazolam (Versed)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

30
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Midazolam (Versed)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

31
Q

What is the class for Triazolam (Halcion)

A

Benzodiazepine

32
Q

What is the mechanism for Triazolam (Halcion)

A

GABAa agonist; binds between a1 and y2 subunits; half-life of 2.9 hours

33
Q

What are the therapeutics for Triazolam (Halcion)

A

Short-term depression treatment; maintenance of bipolar; severe bipolar; induce sleep

34
Q

What are the other side effects for Triazolam (Halcion)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, anterograde amnesia, synergistic depression of CNS with other drugs, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

35
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Triazolam (Halcion)

A

Ceiling effect due to augmenting action of GABA

36
Q

What is the class for Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

Non-benzodiazepine receptor agonist

37
Q

What is the mechanism for Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

BDZ-1 selective agonist

38
Q

What are the therapeutics for Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

Sedation and hypnosis without muscle relaxation or anticonvulsant activity

39
Q

What are the important side effects for Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

Sleep-walking; next morning impairment

40
Q

What is the class for Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Benzodiazepine antagonist

41
Q

What is the mechanism for Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Competitive non-selective antagonist

42
Q

What are the therapeutics for Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Benzodiazapine overdose

43
Q

What are the important side effects for Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Withdrawal (may be life-threatening); seizures in mixed overdoses

44
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Non uniform in reversal of respiratory depression

45
Q

What is the class for Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

Barbiturate

46
Q

What is the mechanism for Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

GABAa agonist (binds a or b subunit); highly lipid soluble, fast-on, fast-off

47
Q

What are the therapeutics for Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

Induce anesthesia

48
Q

What are the other side effects for Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, dose-dependent depression of CNS, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

49
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Thiopental (Pentothal)

A

Abrupt withdrawal life-threatening; redistribute from brain to muscle and fat, metabolized by liver; dosed based on lean body mass

50
Q

What is the class for Phenobarbitol

A

Barbiturate

51
Q

What is the mechanism for Phenobarbitol

A

GABAa agonist (binds a or b subunit)

52
Q

What are the therapeutics for Phenobarbitol

A

Antiepileptic, anticonvulsant

53
Q

What are the other side effects for Phenobarbitol

A

Daytime sedation and drowsiness, dose-dependent depression of CNS, pyschologic and physiologic dependence (chronic use)

54
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Phenobarbitol

A

Abrupt withdrawal life-threatening

55
Q

What is the mechanism for Buspirone (Buspar)

A

No GABAa interaction; may be partial agonist at 5HT1A

56
Q

What are the therapeutics for Buspirone (Buspar)

A

Anxiolytic without marked sedation

Pharm U3 (13 decks)

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