69 Classification and Clinical Manifestations of Disorders of Monocytes and Macrophages Flashcards
TRUE OR FALSE
The terms histiocyte and macrophage are synonymous.
TRUE
The terms histiocyte and macrophage are synonymous.
Subsets of cells in the blood monocyte pool
Classic monocytes (85%)
Intermediate monocytes and patrolling monocytes (15%)
Notable examples of disorders accompanied by severe monocytopenia
Aplastic anemia and Hairy Cell Leukemia
Severity of bacteremia, organ dysfunction, and mortality has been associated with monocyte counts below ____________
Below 0.25 × 10 9 /L
A syndrome of profound monocytopenia, often amonocytosis, associated with susceptibility to mycobacterial avian complex, fungal, and disseminated papilloma virus infections, and a heightened risk of subsequent development of myelodysplasia or acute myelogenous leukemia
MonoMAC syndrome
Mutation associated with MonoMAC syndrome
Autosomal recessive or acquired mutations of GATA2
Hematopoietic tumors with predominance of monocytic cells in marrow and blood
Acute monocytic leukemia
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Dendritic cell variants of acute myelogenous leukemia
Infectious hemophagocytic histiocytosis caused by what virus
Epstein-Barr virus
Disease with defective macrophages result from an abnormality in their cell and granule membranes
Chédiak-Higashi disease
A disorder that results from an inherited deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase
Gaucher disease
Cytokine that impair monocyte functions
IL10
TRUE OR FALSE
Isolated monocytopenia in the absence of any other blood cell deficiency or immune deficiency has not been reported.
TRUE
Isolated monocytopenia in the absence of any other blood cell deficiency or immune deficiency has not been reported.
Macrophages can serve as a reservoir for HIV and are the principal locus for the virus in the ___________
Brain and in neural tissue
Deficiency in a specific subset of macrophages, the osteoclasts, results in
Osteopetrosis
Inhibit osteoclast action by interfering with its function of bone resorption and by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway to geranylgeranyl diphosphate
Bisphosphonates
Primary chemical inducer of granuloma formation.
Monocyte-derived TNF
TRUE OR FALSE
Benign monocytosis is associated with specific clinical manifestations.
FALSE
Benign monocytosis is not associated with specific clinical manifestations.
TRUE OR FALSE
All forms of myelogenous leukemia with a predominance of monocytes are associated with a predisposition to troublesome tissue infiltrates, especially in the skin, gingiva, lymph nodes, meninges, and anal canal.
TRUE
All forms of myelogenous leukemia with a predominance of monocytes are associated with a predisposition to troublesome tissue infiltrates, especially in the skin, gingiva, lymph nodes, meninges, and anal canal.
Refers to the accumulation of activated macrophages (histiocytes) in tissue sites
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Cell that belong to a family of antigen-presenting cells that express high levels of human leukocyte antigen-D related (HLA-DR)
Dendritic cells
HIV-1 usess the ______receptors as an entry pathway for infection of monocytes/macrophages
CD4
