6.7 Integumentary System Flashcards
What are the 4 components of the integumentary system?
Skin
Hair
Nails
Exocrine glands
What are the 3 layers of skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
What are the 5 functions of Skin.
The skin protects the body from injury.
Acts as a physical barrier to disease, dirt, and UV
radiation.
Helps regulate body temperature
When the body is too hot, the skin will sweat to help
cool the body temperature back to 98.6 F.
When the body is too cold, the skin helps raise body
temperature via shivering (muscle contraction) and
goosebumps (muscles attached to hair follicles
contract, causing hair to trap heat).
Produces vitamin D
Melanocytes produce melanin to protect the skin
against harmful UV radiation from the sun and to
produce vitamin D
Vitamin D helps regulate the update of calcium
needed for healthy bones.
Regulates water loss
Keratin production on the outer layer of skin helps
prevent water from entering or leaving the skin.
Gathers sensory information
Sensory receptors in the skin specialize in sensing
touch, pressure, pain, and temperature.
What is the epidermis?
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin made of epithelial cells.
What are the two layers of the epidermis?
Stratum corneum
Stratum basale
What is the Stratum Corneum?
Outermost layer of the epidermis
Produces proteins called keratin which makes the skin tough and waterproof
What is the Stratum Basale?
Innermost layer of the epidermis that produces new cells
Also contains melanocytes which produce the pigment melanin responsible for skin color
What is the dermis?
The dermis is the functional layer of skin that lies just beneath the epidermis.
Made of connective tissue that gives it its elasticity.
What 6 things does the dermis contain?
Nerve cells
Blood vessels
Hair follicles
Collagen and elastic fibers(Stretching and movement)
Sebaceous (oil) glands
Sweat glands(Help remove excess body heat.)
What is the hypodermis?
Hypodermis is the deepest layer of the skin located under the dermis.
Made of connective tissue and fat.
Acts as a shock absorber, stores energy, and helps conserve body heat.
What are hair and nails derived from?
Hair and nails are derived from the epidermis.
What do hair follicles produce?
Hair follicles produce individual hairs.
What is hair mostly made of?
Hair is made mostly of dead keratin-filled cells.
What are nails?
Nails are produced by specialized epidermal cells located at the base of each nail.
These cells become filled with keratin as they are pushed outward by new cells.
