5.4 Plants in Genral-ish U5

Question 1

What are the 6 root system traits? (HINT: stores, transports, produces, interacts, absorbs, anchors)

Answer 1

Anchor plant in ground
Absorb water and minerals from soil
Store surplus sugar
Transports materials
Produces some hormones
Interacts with soil fungi and microorganisms that provide nutrients to the plant

Question 2

What are the 5 shoot system traits? (HINT: click*, Transport, store, ____produce, hormones)

Answer 2

Photosynthesis (mainly in leaves and young green stems)
Transports materials: H2O, minerals, sugar, and hormones (stems)
Food storage
Reproduction (e.g. flowers)
Hormone synthesis

Question 3

What in plants is made up of Dermal, Vascular and Ground?

Answer 3

The roots, stems, and leaves of plants

Question 4

What tissues are the roots, stems and leaves of plants made up of?

Answer 4

Dermal
Vascular
Ground

Question 5

What is dermal tissue?

Answer 5

the protective outer covering of the plant body

Question 6

what is the outer surface of the epidermis?

Answer 6

Cuticle

Question 7

What is the epidermis?

Answer 7

In young plants, it consists of a single layer of cells called the epidermis

Question 8

What is the cuticle?

Answer 8

a waxy coating that protects against water loss

Question 9

What is vascular tissue?

Answer 9

transports materials throughout the plant

Question 10

What are the two types of vascular tissue?

Answer 10

Xylem and Phloem

Question 11

What is Xylem?

Answer 11

transports water and minerals up from roots

Question 12

What is Phloem?

Answer 12

transports sugar, water, amino acids, and hormones throughout the plant

Question 13

What is ground tissue?

Answer 13

Plant tissue that is neither dermal or vascular

Question 14

What does the ground tissue do?

Answer 14

Produces and stores sugars, and contributes to the physical support of the plant

Question 15

What are the edible portions of plants usually made of?

Answer 15

Ground tissue

Question 16

What are meristems?

Answer 16

regions of unspecialized cells in which mitosis produces new cells that are ready for differentiation

Question 17

Where are meristems found?

Answer 17

tips of roots and stems, in the buds and nodes of stems, between the phloem and xylem, and under the epidermis

Question 18

What are meristem cells analogous to in animals?

Answer 18

animal stem cells

Question 19

Do plants stop growing in adulthood?

Answer 19

Nope

Question 20

Where is the apical meristem and what is it protected by?

Answer 20

Roots have an apical meristem that is protected by a root cap

Question 21

what are root hairs?

Answer 21

The cells of the epidermis of the roots typically have elongated structures

Question 22

What do root hairs do?

Answer 22

increase the surface area with which the roots obtain water

Question 23

What are nodules?

Answer 23

Nitrogen-fixing plants have specialized root structures call nodules that house bacteria that can fix Nitrogen.

Question 24

What is nitrogen fixing? (use nodules)

Answer 24

is the process by which bacteria in root nodules convert Nitrogen gas to ammonia. After the Nitrogen is converted, organisms use the ammonia and others convert it into nitrate or nitrite.

Question 25

Why is nitrogen fixing important?

Answer 25

This is important because even though Nitrogen gas is abundant most organisms can’t use it!

Question 26

What are Stomata?

Answer 26

pores (on the underside of leaves) that allow for gas exchange

Question 27

What do guard cells do?

Answer 27

that regulate the opening and closing of the stoma.

Question 28

Where are guard cells found?

Answer 28

Each stoma (singular) is flanked by two guard cells

Question 29

Where are mesophyll cells?

Answer 29

The leaf is made up of mesophyll cells,

Question 30

What is in mesophyll cells?

Answer 30

which are packed with chloroplasts, site of photosynthesis