6.3 green, greener, greenest

Question 1

Social dilemma

Answer 1

situations characterized by a conflict between immediate self-interest and long term collective interest.

Question 2

Public goods dilemma

Answer 2

group or society can benefit from public good if all its members contribute to this common good.

Question 3

Resource dilemma (tragedy of commons)

Answer 3

group members share sources and can take as many as they want → if everyone is greedy, resource will be exhausted.

Question 4

Competition characteristics:

Answer 4

1. between 2 or more individuals
2. motivated by benefits
3. relative rather than absolute performance.

Question 5

Negative points of competition

Answer 5

overharvesting, decline of fish stocks, using cheap and polluting energy

Question 6

Positive points of competition (5):

Answer 6

1. Enhances involvement and motivation
2. Can be rewarding (e.g., prizes, self-esteem)
3. Can be fun and pleasurable
4. Can give a sense of prestige and pride
5. Can generate excitement due to the competitive process itself

Question 7

Hypotheses (2)

Answer 7

H1 = competition increases sustainable behavior
H2 = positive effect of competition on sustainable behavior is moderated by SVO. Pro-self act more sustainably in competitive setting than in non-competitive setting. Pro-socials are unaffected by competition.

Question 8

Study 1: Shopping sustainable, WWF donations and recycling

Answer 8

H1 supported.

Question 9

Study 2: Doppio

Answer 9

1. H1 and H2 supported.

2. Pro-socials were not affected by competition.

Question 10

Study 3: sustainable or leadership competition

Answer 10

1. Competitors
2. individualists
3. cooperators
4. Altruists

Difference leadership and sustainable competition among pro-selves.

Pro-socials more in sustainable competition.

Question 11

study 4: economy vs psychology students

Answer 11

1. Natural segmentation.

2. Same effect.

Question 12

Social Value Orientation (SVO)

Answer 12

Personality trait that indicates how people allocate resources between themselves and others and weigh the welfare of others to their own → pro-self or pro-socials.