6.3 Birth & Expansion of Islam Flashcards
Allah
“God” in Arabic”
caliph [KAL-if]
an Islamic succesor to Muhammad
Islam
religion originating with the teachings of Muhammad in the 7th-century
jihad [ji-HAD]
“struggle in the way of God” or “holy war”
monotheism [MON-uh-thee-is-uhm]
the belief that there is only one god
Muslims
followers of the religion of Islam; literally “one who submits to god”
nomad
a person who moves from place to place
oasis [oh-EY-sis]
a place where there is a spring that allows for the growth of vegetation
polytheism [POL-ee-thee-iz-uhm]
the worship of multiple gods
revelation
to reveal or disclose previously unknown information
vizier [vi-ZEER]
high ranking political adviser or minister
Which statement best describes life on the Arabian Peninsula in the sixth century?
Most people were polytheistic nomads living in tribes.
Muhhammad’s life order - 6 major events
1] Muhammad worked for a wealthy widow in Mecca whom he later married.
2] Muhammad claimed to receive a revelation from Allah while meditating in a cave.
3] The people of Mecca rejected Muhammad’s claim that he was “the messenger of God.”
4] The Hijra, Muhammad’s flight to Medina, marks the start of the Islamic calendar.
5] Muhammad recruits followers at Yathrib and leads a successful attack against Mecca.
6] The Kaaba is converted into the central place of Islamic worship.
TWO of Muhammad’s accomplishments.
He united the people of the Arabian Peninsula to form the Arabs.
He founded the religion of Islam as Allah’s final prophet.
Abu Bakr was the first ___, or successor, to Muhammad
caliph
Only a caliph can declare a ___ in which warriors that die in battle are assured entrance to paradise.
jihad
Major 6 events of the Islamic Empire
1] Abu Bakr puts down a rebellion and conquers Syria.
2] Arab Muslims conquer Persia, Iraq, and Palestine.
3] The Umayyads attacked India, expanded the Islamic Empire across North Africa and crossed over into Spain.
4] Abbas, a descendant of Muhammad’s uncle, established the Golden Age of the Abbasid dynasty.
5] The Islamic Empire split into smaller caliphates.
6] The Umayyads attacked India, expanded the Islamic Empire across North Africa and crossed over into Spain.
What does the term “Arab” mean?
dwellers of the desert
THREE reasons why the Abbasid Caliphate was the Golden Age of the Islamic Empire.
1 -Doctors, scholars, and legal and religious experts advanced the arts and sciences.
2 - The caliph acted more like a king and worked with a vizier.
3 - The Abbasids protected non-Arab peoples.
