6.2.4 Carbon–carbon bond formation

Question 1

What are three ways we can increase the length of the carbon carbon chain

Answer 1

1. Reaction of the benzene ring with a haloalkane or an acyl chloride in the presence of a halogen carrier
2. Reaction of halo alkanes with CN- in ethanol to form nitrile’s
3. Reaction of carbonyls with HCN

Question 2

What is the reaction of a benzene ring with a halo alkane or acyl chloride called

Answer 2

Electrophilic substitution
In Booklet

Question 3

What is the reaction of halo alkanes with CN form niriles Called
And how does this occur

Answer 3

Nucleophilic substitution
CN- in ethanol

Question 4

What is the reaction of carbonyls with HCN called

Answer 4

nucleophilic addition

Question 5

What does the reduction of nitriles form

Answer 5

amines

Question 6

What are the reagents and conditions for the reduction of nitriles to form amines

Answer 6

Reagent hydrogen
conditions nickel catalyst

Question 7

What do you get from the acid hydrolysis of nitrile’s

Answer 7

Carboxylic acids

Question 8

What are the reagents and conditions for the acid hydrolysis of nitriles to form carboxylic acids

Answer 8

Reagents dilute aqueous acid EG dilute HCL
conditions heat

Question 9

equation for the reduction of nitriles to form amines

Answer 9

in booklet

Question 10

equation for the acid hydrolysis of nitriles to form carboxylic acids

Answer 10

in booklet