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Year 2 chemistry > 6.1.3 carboxylic acids and esters > Flashcards

6.1.3 carboxylic acids and esters Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 3 ways carboxylic acids are made

A

-oxidation of a primary alcohol
-oxidation of an aldehyde

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2
Q

how is carboxylic acid made through oxidation of a primary alcohol

A

-oxidised using acidified potassium dichromate
-firstly oxidised to aldehyde then carboxylic acid
-uses 2 (O) and 1 H2O

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3
Q

what are the 2 ways carboxylic acids are made through oxidation of aldehyde

A

-aldehyde to carboxylic acid
uses 1 (O) no H2O is made
-Tollens reagent
positive test result=silver mirror

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4
Q

how is carboxylic acid a weak acid

A

proton donor that partially dissociates

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5
Q

what happens when we react ethanoic acid with a alkali

A

salt (carboxylate) + water

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6
Q

what happens when we react ethanoic acid with a metal

A

salt + 1/2 hydrogen

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7
Q

what happens when we react ethanoic acid with a metal oxide

A

2salt + water
(Two lots of carboxylic acid)

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8
Q

what happens when we react ethanoic acid with a carbonate

A

2salt + water + carbon dioxide

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9
Q

how is a carboxylate ion formed

A

when carboxylic acid reacts with an alkali

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10
Q

are carboxylic acids soluble

A

yes due to the lone pair of electrons on the O

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11
Q

what can you react a carboxylic acid with to form an ester and under which conditions

A

carboxylic acid with alcohol
-forms water
conc H2SO4

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12
Q

naming an ester

A

in booklet
-c=o forms -oate include the C in the double bond

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13
Q

draw the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid

A

in booklet

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14
Q
A
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15
Q
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16
Q

what is the equation for an acid hydrolysis

A

ester+ water=carboxylic acid+ alcohol

17
Q

what reagent does an acid hydrolysis require

A

dilute sulphuric acid

18
Q

what is the equation for a base hydrolysis

A

ester+ NaOH (dilute alkali) =carboxylate acids+ alcohols

19
Q

how do you form an acyl chloride

A

CH3COOH + SOCl2 ———> CH3COCl + SO2 +HCl

20
Q

why will acyl chlorides react with water alcohols phenols amines and amides

A

They can behave as nucleophiles
The oxygen and nitrogen both contain a lone pair of Electrons

21
Q

what are the two ways you can prepare an ester using an acyl chloride

A

Acyl chloride plus alcohol
acyl chloride plus phenol

22
Q

How can you prepare a carboxylic acid using an acyl chloride

A

Acyl chloride plus water gives a carboxylic acid

23
Q

how can you prepare an amide using an acyl chloride

A

react acyl chloride with ammonia

24
Q

how can you prepare an ester using a acid anhydride

A

alcohol + acid anhydride——>ester+ carboxylic acid
-catalysed by concentrated H3PO4

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Year 2 chemistry (18 decks)

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