5.1.3-acids, bases and buffers

Question 1

what is a brownstead lowery acid

Answer 1

proton donor

Question 2

what is a brownstaed lowery base

Answer 2

proton acceptor

Question 3

what is a monobasic acid
dibasic and tribasic

Answer 3

when one mole of acid dissociates to form one mole of H+
2 moles of acids—->2 moles of h+
3 moles of acids—->3 moles of h+

Question 4

what is the relationship between conjugate-acid base pairs

Answer 4

the conjugate acid has a proton which it loses to form the conjugate base
the conjugate-acid base pair are different by a H+

Question 5

what is a strong acid

Answer 5

fully dissociates

Question 6

what is a weak acid

Answer 6

partially dissociates

Question 7

reactions of acids

Answer 7

in booklet

Question 8

what is Ka

Answer 8

Ka is about the degree of dissociation
aa the value of Ka gets bigger
there is more dissociation
(h+) increases

Question 9

what does pKa equal

Answer 9

-log10^Ka

Question 10

what does Ka equal

Answer 10

10^ -PKa

Question 11

what happens as Ka decreases

Answer 11

-dissociation decreases
-(H+) concentartion decreases
-pH increases (less acidic)
-pKa increases

Question 12

what does pH equal

Answer 12

pH=-log(H+)

Question 13

what does H+ equal

Answer 13

(H+)=10^-pH

Question 14

calculating pH of a strong acid

Answer 14

in booklet

Question 15

what is the ionic product of water

Answer 15

Kw=(H+)(OH-)

Question 16

what is Kw under standard conditions

Answer 16

1 x10-14

Question 17

calculating pH of strong alkali

Answer 17

in booklet

Question 18

calculating pH for a weak acid

Answer 18

(H+)=square root of Ka (HA)

Question 19

what are the limitations for using Ka for the undisacociated weak acid

Answer 19

(HA) is the value for the undissociated weak acid

Question 20

2 equations you need when working out a buffer

Answer 20

Ka=(H+)(A-) // (HA)

(H+)=Ka(HA) // (A-)

Question 21

what does (HA)
and (A-) mean

Answer 21

(HA)-concentration of weak acid
(A-)-salt of weak acid

Question 22

what is a buffer

Answer 22

a solution that maintains the pH when a small amount of acid or base is added