6.2 Autonomic Innervation

Question 1

Describe the routes neurones in sympathetic innervation

Answer 1

1 order: hypothalamus to cell body of second order
2nd order: exits at T1/2, ascends sympathetic chain into neck, synapses onto 3rd order
3rd order: (post ganglionic) to head and neck structures via hitch hiking onto blood vessels

Question 2

Which part pf LPS is sympathetically innervated?

Answer 2

Superior tarsal muscle (smooth muscle)

Question 3

Why is ptosis only partial in Horner’s syndrome

Answer 3

Sympathetic LPS innervation lost from superior tarsal muscle portion, but main portion supplied by oculomotor nerve (skeletal part) still OK

Question 4

4th ‘symptom’ of Horner’s syndrome

Answer 4

Apparent enopthalmos

Question 5

Where within the oculomotor nerve are the pre ganglionic parasympathetic axons located?

Answer 5

Peripherally

Question 6

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibres of oculomotor nerve exit ciliary ganglion to innervate which muscles?

Answer 6

Ciliary, sphincter pupillae