4. Neuroanatomy Flashcards
benefit of sulki and gyri
increase SA to increase number of neurones that can be packed into cortex
2 important fissures of cerebrum
lateral x2
longitudinal
what is white matter?
-inner parts of cerebrum
-fatty, myelinated so appears white
-densely packed with axons
sulcus separating occipital and parietal lobes
parietooccipital sulcus
what separates parietal and temporal lobes?
lateral fissure
what makes up the corpus collosum?
white matter, loads of axons for communication between hemispheres
septum pellucidum
thin membrane covering lateral ventricles on L and R, formed by corpus collosum, full of CSF
which important nerve is within the pons?
trigeminal nerve, for muscles of mastication
other functions of temporal lobe
-language
-emotion
-long term memory
explain the relevance of the uncut in raised intracranial pressure
uncut is medial portion of temporal lobe, where olfactory sensory info is received. in raised pressure, can be pushed through tentorium cerebella and herniate, could affect oculomotor nerve (CN111) causing dysfunction and specific signs/symptoma
part of primary motor cortex that controls head and neck
lateral
explain the uni cortical control of spinal nerves
-pathways connect primary motor cortex on one side, with spinal nerves controlling limbs on other side
-cross to opposite side at level of lower medulla
-so, cortical control of limb movement is from one primary motor cortex, contralateral
explain the dual cortical control of cranial nerves
-pathways connect primary motor cortex on one side, with cranial nerves controlling muscles of face/neck on other side
-cross to opposite side at level of nuclei onto which they synapse
-cortical control of muscles is from contralateral primary motor cortex DOMINANT
-but can also be from ipsilateral primary motor cortex, if pathology to contralateral pathway
primary somatosensory cortex controls somatosensory info, which includes what?
-temperature
-proprioceptiom
-touch
