6.1: Context [1865 - 1898] Flashcards
1
Q
TIME PERIOD
A
- Gilded Age
- Overlap with Reconstruction Era and followed by Progressive Era
- Boom of railroads, factories, mining and finance
- Economic growth in North and West
2
Q
INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM
A
- Tech advancements [Bessemer]
- New markets [West, Hawaii and Japan]
- Industrialization
- Large businesses
- Captains of Industry v Robber Barons
- Carnegie, Rockefeller and Morgan
3
Q
RAPID ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
A
- Tech and communication development [telephones and TransAtlantic telegraph]
- Businesses had lack of gov regulation and pro-growth gov policies
- “New South”
- Business consolidation via. integration
4
Q
ECONOMY AND LABOR
A
- Farmers: large debt and falling prices
- Wanted inflationary policies using silver and paper notes
- Labor Unions: Knights of Labor and American Federation of Labor
- Strikes: Pullman and Haymarket Square
- Financial Panics: 1873 and 1893
- Over-speculation on land and stocks in railroads
5
Q
AGRICULTURE
A
- Mechanization
- Higher yield = lower prices
- Machines = expensive
- The Grange [cooperatives]
- Farmer’s Alliance [politics]
6
Q
MIGRATION
A
- DOMESTIC
- Urbanization and cities
- Riis’ “How The Other Half Lives”
- Pop growth > infrastructure growth
- Frontier = pressure release valve
- INTERNATIONAL
- Eastern and Southern Europe
- Nativism [Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882]
- Ellis Island
- WESTWARD
- Railroads and mining
- Poor via Homesteading
- Indian conflict
7
Q
NEW REFORM WAVE
A
- Diverse intellectual movements [Social Darwinism and Atlanta Compromise]
- Public reforms: Gospel of Wealth, Conservation, Social Gospel, NAWSA
- Rise of Populism
- Greenbacks and tariffs
8
Q
INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENTS
A
- Growth of pop culture
- Architecture [Frank Lloyd Wright]
- Literature [Mark Twain]
- Progress, poverty, Social Darwinism and Native Assimilation
9
Q
DEBATES ON GOV
A
- Citizenship
- Plessy v. Ferguson
- Nativism
- Political Machines and Civil Service Reform
- Laissez-Faire economics led to unions and protests
