61 Flashcards
dura mater parts
dura mater spinalis: on the medulla spinalis (spinal chord)
dura mater encephali (cranial dura, fused to periosteum)
meninges consist of
dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater
function of meninges
envelope brain and spinal chord, and also supportblood vessels and contain cerebral fluid)
2 folds of the dura mater (toughest layer)
why are there folds?
- falx cerebri - btw the two cerebral hemispheres (fissura longitudinale cerebri)
- tentorium cerebelli - btw cerebrum, cerebellum and diaphragma sellae
–> structural support to prevent excessive movement within skull
diaphragma sellae
collar around neck of pituitary and forms “roof” of hypophyseal fossa
btw dura mater and arachnoid mater
subdural space for lymph - like fluid
in dura mater spinalis too!
arachnoid mater
delicate layer that follow ALL curves of brain/SC, have arachnoid villus which are small protrusions through dura mater into venous sinus that allow cerebral fluid to enter/exit blood stream
subarachnoid space
contain CSF(cerebrospinal fluid), largest part of this space=cisterne which are used for collection of CSF
pia mater
innermost layer fused to brain and spinal chord
many arteries within pia mater penetrate brain and spinal chord
silver line on spinal chord
pia mater thickening filling the fissura ventralis
how is the tube containing spinal chord made by meninges
in for. magnum the dura mater spinalis splits from normally fused periosteum to form a separated tube
space of the dura mater spinalis
cavum epidurale - contain fat to cushion spinal chord for movement in back and neck
4 cisterna subarchnoidales
1 - cisterna cerebellomedullaris
2 - cisterna valleculae lat cerebri
3 - cisterna chiasmatis (around chismatis opticum)
4 - cisterna interpeduncularis (fossa interped.)
cranial arachnoid mater is connected to cr pia mater by
arachnoid trabeculae (crosses the subarachnoid with CSF)
circle of willis
cerebral arterial circle - supply blood to brain and sorrunding structures
a. basilaris ex
a. spinalis ventralis ex
- a. vert
(r. descendens, r. anast. comm. cum a. occipitalis)
basilar ramuses to the 1: cerebellum and 2: pons
a. cerebelli rostr et caud
rr. ad. pontem
how does the basilar artery connect to the rostral cerebral part of the blood supply
the basilar artery divites at rostral part of pons to 2*a. communicans caud which gives off a. cerebri caud (+ input from internal carotid)
to
a. cerebri rostr (give off a. cerebri media)
the two cran cerebral aa. run under chiasma opticum and join to form a. communicans rostr
in the falx cerebri of dura mater we find 2 venous systems
sinus saggitalis dorsalis (big), sulcus saggitalis - paired
sinus saggitalis ventralis (small) - paired
the dorsal and ventral saggital sinuses are connected with
sinus rectus
the sinus saggitalis dors ends in
two sinus transversus which lead to sinus temporalis (one each) which run inside the temporal muscles(meatus temporalis)
the two sinus temporalis communicate with the ventral venous system through
sinus petrosus ventralis run ventrally and gain input from the sinus (2*) basilaris, which run on either side of the basilar artery.
sinus petrosus ventralis continuation
the two sinus petrosus ventralis each continues along for. lacerum rostrally to the hypophysis to form sinus intercavernosus on either side of hypophysis, with two sinus intercavernosus transversly btw the two
connection of the sinuses of the dura mater to the veins of the skull
vv. emissariae found along the sinus systems
