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Anatomy > 6)Vertebrae, curvatures(MEQ) > Flashcards

6)Vertebrae, curvatures(MEQ) Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral column also known as

A

Spine
spinal column
backbone

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2
Q

function of vertebral column

A

protection of the spinal cord

structural support and balance to maintain upright structure

allows motion

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3
Q

How many vertebra in the vertebral column? (MCQ)

A

33 vertebra and is divide into 5 regions

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4
Q

What are the 5 region of vertebral column how many vertebrae they have

A

cervical-7
Thoracic- 12
Lumbar-5
Sacral-5 (fused) ; fusion of 5 vertebra
Coccyx-4 (fused) ;fusion of 4 vertebra

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5
Q

What is the 3 parts of vertebrae

A

body, pedicles, lamina

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6
Q

What are the 7 processes in vertebrae

Refer to the diagram from slide pg 5

A

2 transverse processes

1 spinous process

4 articular processes

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7
Q

lamina function

A

connect transverse and spinous processes

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8
Q

pedicles

A

connect vertebral body to transverse process

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9
Q

What is the different in thoracic vertebrae transverse processes

A

Articulate with the ribs

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10
Q

Features of cervical vertebrae (Exam) (notes pg13)

A

Bifid spine
transverse foramen

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11
Q

List the vertebrae in cervical region

A

C1: Atlas

C2: Axis

C3~C6: Typical cervical vertebra

C7: vertebra prominent

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12
Q

Function of cervical vertebrae

A

provide mobility and stability to the head

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13
Q

All vertebrae are vertebral artery except for?

A

C7- vertebra prominent is vertebral vein

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14
Q

Features of atlas

A

Ring shaped

lack of body (because fused with body of C2)

No spinous process

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15
Q

Features of Axis

A

have odontoid process (tooth like structure), because C1 body attached to C2 vertebra

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16
Q

Features of vertebra prominens

A

Long spine

thick horizontal

not bifid

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17
Q

Disc space between C5 and C6 usually involved in?

A

Cervical spondylosis
Herniation

18
Q

How many vertebra and what shape, function in Thoracic vertebrae (notes pg13)

A

Heart shape

12 vertebral connected with intervertebral discs

Size increase as descends downwards

Function: Hold the rib-cage to protect heart and lungs

19
Q

Features of Lumbar Vertebrae and function (notes pg13)

A

5 vertebra

Kidney shape (Bean shaped)

Larger and heavier than other vertebral bodies

Function: protect spinal cord and nerves from injury and provide a measure of support

20
Q

Where Lumbar Puncture located (MCQ)

A

Between the spines of L3 AND L4 vertebrae

21
Q

Coccyx vertebrae features and function

A

stabilize a person while sitting position

22
Q

Coccyx vertebrae also called as?

A

Tailbone

23
Q

Intervertebral disc is made out of?

A

Fibrous cartilage

24
Q

What is vertebral foramen?

A

To let the spinal cord pass through

25
Q

Why there is only 23 intervertebral discs (exam)

A

because there is no intervertebral disc between C1 and C2 and also absent in sacrum and coccyx

26
Q

Intervertebral discs consists which two main parts

A

nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus

27
Q

Where is consider as intervertebral discs

A

C2 to sacrum

28
Q

Where is most common to see discs prolapse

A

Lumbar region

29
Q

What is the symptom patient will feel when there is a discs prolapse

A

Severe back pain

30
Q

Development of the vertebral curves

A

1) In fetus there is a single concave curve

2) After three months after birth when infant lifts head, cervical curve will develops

3) When child sits up, stands and walk the lumbar curve will develops

31
Q

Describe the PRIMARY curvatures (exam SAQ)

A

1) Primary curvatures also called as kyphotic curves

2) convex posteriorly

3) present during fetal development

4) Include thoracic curvatures and sacrococcygeal curvature

32
Q

Describe the SECONDARY curvatures (exam SAQ)

A

1) Secondary curvatures also called as lordotic curves

2) concave posteriorly

3) Slowly begin form postpartum (after the baby birth)

4) Include cervical curvature and lumbar curvature

33
Q

Scoliosis

A

lateral bending of vertebral column in thoracic region

34
Q

Kyphosis

A

Increase in vertebral column of the thoracic curve

35
Q

Lordosis (Hollow back)

A

Increase in lumbar and cervical curve of vertebral column

36
Q

commonest side of spondylosis

A

cervical region

37
Q

Most common site for scoliosis

A

Thoracic region

38
Q

Important investigation to confirm discs prolapse

A

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

39
Q

Largest vertebra

A

Fifth lumbar (L5)

40
Q

Total number of true vertebrae

A

24

Anatomy (12 decks)

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