4)Muscular system(MEQ)

Question 1

Definition and property of muscle

Answer 1

Specialized tissue which can contract and produce movement

Question 2

3 types of muscles

Answer 2

skeletal muscle (voluntary striated muscle)
smooth muscle (involuntary non-striated muscle)
cardiac muscle (Involuntary striated muscle)

Question 3

Skeletal muscle

Answer 3

muscle all attached to skeletal

Question 4

Both end of the skeletal muscle are attached to bone except which three type?

Answer 4

Facial muscle: One end is attached to bone and one end is attached to skin, so it can have facial expression

Diaphragm: One end is attached to bone and the other end is attached to tendon

Sphincters: No bony attachment, muscle form a circle

Question 5

Difference between tendon and muscle

Answer 5

Muscle Tendon

Fleshy Fibrous

composed to muscle cell Composed to
connective cell

Vascular poor blood supply

Heal well Heals poorly

Cannot resist stretching Resist stretching

Question 6

Aponeurosis

Answer 6

flat sheets of connective tissue (membrane like tendon)

Question 7

What is epimysium (Organization of skeletal muscle)
SAQ

Answer 7

epimysium is a connective tissue that covered the muscle

Entire muscle is covered by epimysium

Question 8

What is Perimysium (Organization of skeletal muscle)
SAQ

Answer 8

connective tissue that covered small bundles of muscle

Question 9

What is endomysium (Organization of skeletal muscle)
SAQ

Answer 9

connective tissue that covered individual muscle fibers

Question 10

Elastic connective tissue contains what?

Answer 10

capillaries
myosatellite cells
nerve fibers

Question 11

Function of myosatellite cells (MCQ)

Answer 11

repair of damage muscle tissue

Question 12

Name of cytoplasm for muscle cell

Answer 12

Sarcoplasm

Question 13

Name of cell membrane for muscle cell

Answer 13

Sarcolemma

Question 14

At each end of the muscle the collagen fibers of epimysium, perimysium and endomysium come together to form what?

Answer 14

Tendon or aponeurosis

Question 15

3 common sites of the intramuscular injection

Answer 15

Deltoid

Gluteus medius

Vastus lateralis

Question 16

what is the 2 types of muscle PARALLEL to the long axis of muscle

Answer 16

fibers may be parallel from origin to insertion
eg. strap muscle

fibers may be converge (相交) to a point at the ends
eg. biceps muscle

Question 17

what is the 4 types of muscle OBLIQUE to the long axis of muscle (SAQ)

Answer 17

Uni-pennate muscle: muscle fibers are arranged obliquely on one side of the tendon resembling a half feather

Bi-pennate muscle: the oblique muscle fibers arises on both sides of the tendon resembling a whole feather

Multi-pennate muscle: septa extend into the attachment of muscle, dividing them into several feather-like portion

Circum-pennate muscle: muscle fibers are arranged in a circular pattern

Question 18

Radial, triangular or fan-shaped muscle

Answer 18

Freshly fibers converge from a wide attachment to a fibrous apical insertion
eg. temporalis muscle

Question 19

What is hypertrophy

Answer 19

increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the formation of new myofibrils

Question 20

What is hyperplasia

Answer 20

Tissue growth by increase the number of cells
Only occurs in smooth muscle

Question 21

When there is pregnant what take place in uterus?

Answer 21

hyperplasia and hypertrophy

Question 22

Comparison of hypertrophy and hyperplasia

Answer 22

Hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of individual muscle fibers, whereas hyperplasia refers to an increase in the number of muscle fibers.

Question 23

What is prime mover

Answer 23

group of muscle that initiate a desired movement

Question 24

What is antagonist

Answer 24

muscle that oppose the action of another muscle

Question 25

What is fixators

Answer 25

group of muscle that stabilize the proximal joints of a limb

Question 26

Which muscle help the prime mover

Answer 26

synergist

Question 27

What is Paralysis

Answer 27

loss of motor power, caused by damage to the motor nerves

Question 28

What is muscular spasm

Answer 28

cause by muscle pull, occurs in tetanus and epilepsy

Question 29

What is disuse atrophy

Answer 29

muscle which are not used for long times become thin and weak

Question 30

What is myasthenia gravis

Answer 30

autoimmune disease of muscle of unknown region, mainly affects the muscle and around the eye

Question 31

What rigor mortis helps? (MCQ)

Answer 31

To determine the times of death

Question 32

Largest tendon in body

Answer 32

achilles tendon

Question 33

All muscle develop from mesenchyme except

Answer 33

Arrector pili (goosebumps)

muscles of iris

myoepithelial cells (from ectoderm)

Question 34

Definition of sarcomere

Answer 34

extends from Z line to Z line