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Anatomy > 10) Circulatory system (MEQ) > Flashcards

10) Circulatory system (MEQ) Flashcards

1
Q

Blood vessels carry blood to lungs is for____

A

oxygenation

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2
Q

Blood vessels carry blood to intestines is for____

A

absorption

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3
Q

Blood vessels carry blood to endocrine glands is for____

A

hormones

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4
Q

Blood vessels carry blood to kidneys, lungs and skin is for____

A

excretion

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5
Q

What is pulmonary circulation

A

blood passes from the heart through pulmonary arteries (CO2) to the lungs and returns through the pulmonary veins (O2) to the heart

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6
Q

What is systemic circulation

A

Blood passes through the arteries from heart to all parts of the body and return to heart through superior and inferior vena cava and cardiac vein

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of arteries

A

1) Elastic arteries (Largest size) (contain more elastic fibers)
2) Muscular arteries (Medium size) (contain more smooth muscle)
3) Arterioles (Smallest size)

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8
Q

What are the gross diff of arteries and veins

A

Arteries Vein

Thick wall Thin wall

Narrow lumen Wide lumen

Valves are absent Valve is present

Smaller diameter Larger diameter

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9
Q

What blood arteries carry?

A

Oxygenated blood

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10
Q

What blood did vein carry?

A

Deoxygenated blood

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11
Q

Which blood vessel collapse after death

A

Vein

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12
Q

What are the 3 main branches of aorta

A

Brachiocephalic

Left common carotid

Left subclavian arteries

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13
Q

Morphology of arterioles

A

Small lumen size
walls are relatively thick
contain mostly smooth muscle

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14
Q

What is metaarterioles

A

Vessels that emerges from an arteriole and traverse the capillary bed and empties into the venule

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15
Q

Function of capillaries

A

From communicating link between arterioles and venules

act as a semi-permeable membrane which permit the exchange of small molecules and is impermeable to large molecules

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16
Q

(MCQ) capillaries absent in?

A

Cornea
Epidermis
Hyaline cartilage

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17
Q

Where capillaries present the most

A

muscle
glands
kidneys
lungs

Fewer in tendons and ligament

18
Q

Why tendon are hard to cure once u cut on it

A

Because of fewer capillaries

19
Q

morphology of capillaries

A

Size: 7u or more
Length: 1/2 to 1 mm long

20
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries (MCQ)

A

Continuous capillaries: found in muscle

Fenestrated capillaries: found in kidney endocrine glands and intestines

Discontinuous capillaries/ Sinusoids: found in liver, spleen

21
Q

what are the 2 type of vein

A

superficial vein
deep vein

22
Q

What is superficial veins

A

run independently of arteries in the subcutaneous tissues

23
Q

What is deep vein?

A

A vein that accompany the arteries

24
Q

What is venae commitantes?

A

A pair of vein that accompanied the medium sized arteries below the elbow and knees

25
Q

(MCQ) Which vein connect SVC (sup.vena cava) and portal vein?

A

Azygos vein

26
Q

Where portal vein locate

A

between 2 set of capillaries

27
Q

MCQ the free edges of the cusps in valve are direct towards_________

A

Heart

28
Q

What is anastomoses

A

Communication between neighbouring vessels

smtg like joints one vessels join with another vessels (own words) (no need wrte in exam)

29
Q

Circulation through the anastomosis is called_______

A

collateral circulation

30
Q

What are the 3 types of anastomoses

A

Arterial anastomoses

Venous anastomoses

Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

31
Q

What is arterial anastomoses

A

Communication between the arteries or branches of arteries

eg. circle of willis in brain, coronary arteries in heart

32
Q

What is venous anastomoses

A

communication between the veins or tributaries of veins

eg. Dorsal venous arches of the hand and foot

33
Q

What is Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

A

communication between artery and vein
Directly communicate with venules bypassing the capillary bed

34
Q

site and function of Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

A

Sites:
1) Palm, terminal phalanges and nail bed
2) Skin of nose, lips and eyelids
3) Tip of tongue and intestines

Function:
1) Prevent heat loss
2) Increases the venous return

35
Q

What is anatomical end artery

A

Arteries that do not anastomose with neighbouring arteries, death tissue occurs if it is occluded (block)

eg. Central retinal artery of eyes (if block then blind)

36
Q

What is functional end artery?

eg. coronary arteries

A

An artery anastomosing (link) poorly with neighbouring artery, it cannot provide enough blood flow if it get occluded (blocked)

This can happen in:
eg. Heart,kidney, brain, spleen and intestines

37
Q

Which artery is the most easy to check the pulse rate

A

superficial temporal artery

38
Q

Brachial artery is to check up for______

A

Hypertension

39
Q

Described what is varicose vein

A

Weak venous valves alloww blood backflow due to gravity, it increase the pressure of venous and strecthing the vein walls, overtime the wall lose elasticity and become flabby

40
Q

A patient with minor block in the artery but was able to sustain due to the alternative artery that has communication with the blocked artery

A

Collateral circulation

41
Q

Most commonly used vein for intravenous injection

A

Median cubital vein (in the cubital fossa)

Anatomy (12 decks)

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