10) Circulatory system (MEQ)

Question 1

Blood vessels carry blood to lungs is for____

Answer 1

oxygenation

Question 2

Blood vessels carry blood to intestines is for____

Answer 2

absorption

Question 3

Blood vessels carry blood to endocrine glands is for____

Answer 3

hormones

Question 4

Blood vessels carry blood to kidneys, lungs and skin is for____

Answer 4

excretion

Question 5

What is pulmonary circulation

Answer 5

blood passes from the heart through pulmonary arteries (CO2) to the lungs and returns through the pulmonary veins (O2) to the heart

Question 6

What is systemic circulation

Answer 6

Blood passes through the arteries from heart to all parts of the body and return to heart through superior and inferior vena cava and cardiac vein

Question 7

What are the 3 types of arteries

Answer 7

1) Elastic arteries (Largest size) (contain more elastic fibers)
2) Muscular arteries (Medium size) (contain more smooth muscle)
3) Arterioles (Smallest size)

Question 8

What are the gross diff of arteries and veins

Answer 8

Arteries Vein

Thick wall Thin wall

Narrow lumen Wide lumen

Valves are absent Valve is present

Smaller diameter Larger diameter

Question 9

What blood arteries carry?

Answer 9

Oxygenated blood

Question 10

What blood did vein carry?

Answer 10

Deoxygenated blood

Question 11

Which blood vessel collapse after death

Answer 11

Vein

Question 12

What are the 3 main branches of aorta

Answer 12

Brachiocephalic

Left common carotid

Left subclavian arteries

Question 13

Morphology of arterioles

Answer 13

Small lumen size
walls are relatively thick
contain mostly smooth muscle

Question 14

What is metaarterioles

Answer 14

Vessels that emerges from an arteriole and traverse the capillary bed and empties into the venule

Question 15

Function of capillaries

Answer 15

From communicating link between arterioles and venules

act as a semi-permeable membrane which permit the exchange of small molecules and is impermeable to large molecules

Question 16

(MCQ) capillaries absent in?

Answer 16

Cornea
Epidermis
Hyaline cartilage

Question 17

Where capillaries present the most

Answer 17

muscle
glands
kidneys
lungs

Fewer in tendons and ligament

Question 18

Why tendon are hard to cure once u cut on it

Answer 18

Because of fewer capillaries

Question 19

morphology of capillaries

Answer 19

Size: 7u or more
Length: 1/2 to 1 mm long

Question 20

What are the 3 types of capillaries (MCQ)

Answer 20

Continuous capillaries: found in muscle

Fenestrated capillaries: found in kidney endocrine glands and intestines

Discontinuous capillaries/ Sinusoids: found in liver, spleen

Question 21

what are the 2 type of vein

Answer 21

superficial vein
deep vein

Question 22

What is superficial veins

Answer 22

run independently of arteries in the subcutaneous tissues

Question 23

What is deep vein?

Answer 23

A vein that accompany the arteries

Question 24

What is venae commitantes?

Answer 24

A pair of vein that accompanied the medium sized arteries below the elbow and knees

Question 25

(MCQ) Which vein connect SVC (sup.vena cava) and portal vein?

Answer 25

Azygos vein

Question 26

Where portal vein locate

Answer 26

between 2 set of capillaries

Question 27

MCQ the free edges of the cusps in valve are direct towards_________

Answer 27

Heart

Question 28

What is anastomoses

Answer 28

Communication between neighbouring vessels smtg like joints one vessels join with another vessels (own words) (no need wrte in exam)

Question 29

Circulation through the anastomosis is called_______

Answer 29

collateral circulation

Question 30

What are the 3 types of anastomoses

Answer 30

Arterial anastomoses Venous anastomoses Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

Question 31

What is arterial anastomoses

Answer 31

Communication between the arteries or branches of arteries eg. circle of willis in brain, coronary arteries in heart

Question 32

What is venous anastomoses

Answer 32

communication between the veins or tributaries of veins eg. Dorsal venous arches of the hand and foot

Question 33

What is Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

Answer 33

communication between artery and vein Directly communicate with venules bypassing the capillary bed

Question 34

site and function of Arteriovenous anastomosis/ A-V shunt

Answer 34

**Sites:** 1) Palm, terminal phalanges and nail bed 2) Skin of nose, lips and eyelids 3) Tip of tongue and intestines **Function:** 1) Prevent heat loss 2) Increases the venous return

Question 35

What is anatomical end artery

Answer 35

Arteries that do not anastomose with neighbouring arteries, death tissue occurs if it is occluded (block) eg. Central retinal artery of eyes (if block then blind)

Question 36

What is functional end artery? eg. coronary arteries

Answer 36

An artery anastomosing (link) poorly with neighbouring artery, it cannot provide enough blood flow if it get occluded (blocked) This can happen in: eg. Heart,kidney, brain, spleen and intestines

Question 37

Which artery is the most easy to check the pulse rate

Answer 37

superficial temporal artery

Question 38

Brachial artery is to check up for______

Answer 38

Hypertension

Question 39

Described what is varicose vein

Answer 39

Weak venous valves alloww blood backflow due to gravity, it increase the pressure of venous and strecthing the vein walls, overtime the wall lose elasticity and become flabby

Question 40

A patient with minor block in the artery but was able to sustain due to the alternative artery that has communication with the blocked artery

Answer 40

Collateral circulation

Question 41

Most commonly used vein for intravenous injection

Answer 41

Median cubital vein (in the cubital fossa)