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Anatomy > 1)Epithelium > Flashcards

1)Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A

One layer of flat or squamous cell

Resting on basement membrane

Nucleus is flat single and central in position

Function: filtration, diffusion and osmosis

Site: bowman’s capsule of kidney
Lining of body cavities (mesothelium)
Lining of blood & lymph vessels (endothelium)
Alveolar walls of lungs

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2
Q

Another name for Transitional epithelium

A

Urothelium

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3
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Single layer of cube-shaped cells

Nucleus: single,round&central in position

Function: secretion and absorption

Site: lining of thyroid follicles
Germinal epithelium of ovary
Collecting tubules of kidney

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4
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

single layer of tall cells resting on basement membrane

nucleus: single, oval and basal in position

Function: absorption& secretion

site: lining of uterine tube& uterus
stomach& intestines

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5
Q

What is the two type of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

keratinized& non-keratinized

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6
Q

What are the three type of cells in Stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Basal layer
Middle layer
Superficial layer

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7
Q

Basal layer (Stratified squamous epithelium)

A

single layer of columnar cells

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8
Q

Middle layer (Stratified squamous epithelium)

A

polyhedral(六边形) cell

Nucleus: single, round& central

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9
Q

Superficial layer (Stratified squamous epithelium)

A

few layers of flat squamous cells

Nucleus: single, flat& central

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10
Q

Location and function of Stratified squamous epithelium-Keratinized

A

Location: outer layer of skin

Function: Protection

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11
Q

Location and function of Stratified squamous epithelium- Non-Keratinized

A

Location: vagina, urethra, outer part of anal canal, lines of oeosphagus

Function: Protection

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12
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Superficial layer is cuboidal

Location: lining of ducts of sweat glands& ovarian follicle

Function: Protection& secretion

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13
Q

Stratified columnar epithelium

A

Superficial layer is columnar

Location: conjunctiva& part of the male urethra

Function: Protection

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14
Q

Pseudo-stratified epithelium

A

All the component cells touch the basement membrane but not all the cells reach the surface

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15
Q

What are the 3 types of Pseudo-stratified epithelium?

A

Pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated epithelium

Pseudo-stratified columnar non-ciliated epithelium

Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium with stereo-cilia

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16
Q

Where Pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated epithelium found?

A

trachea& bronchi

17
Q

Where Pseudo-stratified columnar non-ciliated epithelium found?

A

Epidydimus (where sperm store, push during ejaculation)

18
Q

Where Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium with stereo-cilia found?

A

vas deferens

19
Q

transitional epithelium

A

No visible basement

Location: urinary bladder& urethra

Function: Protection& Allow distension without the cells breaking apart from one another

20
Q

Briefly describe 3 groups of cells in transitional epithelium

A

Superficial group of cells- Large round cells and umbrella-shaped with single round& central nuclei

Middle group of cells- pear or club shaped cells

Basal group of cells- polygonal cells with single round& central nuclei

21
Q

Glandular epithelium

A

Composed of cells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids

Function: secretion

Location: salivary glands, sweat glands, endocrine glands

22
Q

Exocrine glands

A

secrete substances through ducts onto body surfaces or into cavities

formed down-growths of the surface epithelium, remain in contact with the mother surface

eg. mucous, sweat gland, oil gland, saliva

23
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Ductless and the secretion is directly drained into the blood and lymph

24
Q

According to the nature of secretion (分泌物的性质) what are the 2 types of exocrine glands?

A

Serous gland- secretes a watery, albuminous discharge usually

Location: pancreas, salivary gland

Mucous gland: secretes slimy, chemically inert mucous secretion

Location: Sublingual salivary glands

Sero-mucous glands-secretes a mixed discharge

Location: Sub-mandibular salivary glands

25
Q

Difference between mucous gland and serous gland

A

Serous gland has a small lumen despite mucous gland has a large lumen

Mucous gland has a larger acini than serous gland

Basal part of mucous gland is not deep basophilic despite serous gland is deeply basophilic

Mucous has flat nucleus and basal, serous has round nucleus and subcentral

mucous gland usually remains pale with ordinary stains but serous gland stain fairly well

26
Q

classification of exocrine glands according to cell number

A

Unicellular gland- no duct
eg. goblet cell

Multi-cellular gland- contain ducts
eg. sweat gland

27
Q

What are the 3 types of exocrine glands according to the manner(方式) of secretion?

A

Merocrine glands
Apocrine glands
Holocrine glands

28
Q

Merocrine glands

A

the glands remain essentially intact (完好无损) and the secretory granules pass through the cell membrane without rupturing (破裂) it

29
Q

Apocrine glands

A

The apical portion (尖端部分) of the gland detatches along with the secretory droplets that collects there, leaving the rest of the gland unchanged& intact

30
Q

Holocrine gland

A

Entire cell is discharged during secretion, cell undergo death and disintegration (瓦解) and thereby release the secretion

31
Q

Shape of Tubular, Alveolar, Tubulo-acinar (Simple & compund)

A

https://pin.it/5AuLOs6

32
Q

Pure endocrine glands are?

A

Pituitary gland
thyroid gland
parathyroid gland
adrenals gland

33
Q

Mixed endocrine gland are?

A

Pancreas

34
Q

Cell with both endocrine and exocrine glands are?

A

Liver hepatocytes

Anatomy (12 decks)

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