6 - Vascular Obstruction: CAD (part 3) (arterial insufficiency) Flashcards
A patient has acute venous insufficiency, and you have just received some lab values. The patients aPTT is 80 seconds. Would you want to adminster more Heparin?
No, you want the aPTT to be between 45 to 75 seconds
A patient has acute venous insufficiency, and you have just received some lab values. The patients PT/INR is 29 seconds. Would you want to adminster more Coumadin?
No, you want the PT/INR to be between 15 to 25 seconds
A patient has acute venous insufficiency, and you have just received some lab values. The patients aPTT is 38 seconds. Would you want to adminster more Heparin?
Yes, you want the aPTT to be between 45 to 75 seconds
A patient has acute venous insufficiency, and you have just received some lab values. The patients PT/INR is 10 seconds. Would you want to adminster more Coumadin?
Yes, you want the PT/INR to be between 15 to 25 seconds
Gradual, long-term decrease in venous return caused by incompetent valves.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Sudden, abrupt occlusion of arterial blood supply, caused by either a thrombosis or embolis.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Arterial Insufficiency
Interventions for this condition include educating the patient about not crossing their legs, having good foot care, and podiatry (treatment of the feet). Interventions are also based on lifestyle changes, such as smoking cessation, exercise, weight reduction, diabetes management, and having the legs be in a dependent position.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
Impaired venous return caused by either destruction of valves, a DVT, or leg trauma.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Venous Insufficiency
Arteriosclerotic narrowing of lumen of arteries, that causes decreased blood supply to the extremities.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
Prevention for this condition includes weight reduction and heavy-duty elastic support stockings. Interventions include bedrest with legs elevated, avoiding prolonged periods of standing, TED hose, active or passive ROM, and foot care.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
S/S include pain, paresthesia, paralysis, and muscle spasms (3 P’s). Physical findings include mottled toes, poikilothermia, and pulselessness.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Arterial Insufficiency
Pharmacologic intervention for this condition is using the anticoagulant Heparin.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Arterial Insufficiency
S/S include localized pain, slight fever, and local warmth. Physical findings are unilateral swelling, redness-cyanosis, and increased calf circumference.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Venous Insufficiency
Doppler US, ankle-brachial index, and angiography are diagnostic tests to diagnose which two conditions?
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Arterial Insufficiency & Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
Diagnostics for this condition include lower extremity US and a venogram (most definitive and invasive). Complications include pulmonary embolus and abrupt chronic venous insufficiency.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Venous Insufficiency
Pharmacologic interventions include topical medications to treat stasis ulcers. For acute weeping dermatitis, wet compresses and hydrocortisone cream are given.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
S/S include progressive to constant, unrelenting pain.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
A bypass graft surgery is performed to treat this condition when the person has severe and/or disabling claudication.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Arterial Insufficiency
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Physical findings include cool to cold temperature, dependent rubor (redness of skin), thin and shiny skin, thick brittle nails, loss of hair, decreased or absent pulses, poor capillary refill, ulcerations (very painful, deep, circular, pale to black color), and dry gangrene.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
Pharmacologic interventions include giving Heparin and Coumadin. Heparin (IV initially then SQ prophylactically) is given for 7-14 days. Monitor aPTT (1.5 to 2.5 times baseline). Antidote is Protamine Sulfate. For Coumadin, monitor PT/INR (1.5 to 2.5 times baseline).
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Venous Insufficiency
Medical interventions for this condition include balloon angioplasty, bypass surgery, and amputation to control gangrene.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
Prevention for this condition include avoiding Virchow’s Triad, low dose SQ Heparin, sequential devices, and education. Interventions include bedrest until S/S have resolved, elevation of the legs, and warm/moist heat to the affected area.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Acute Venous Insufficiency
Physical findings include edema, capillary refill WNL, fibrotic subcutaneuous tissue, leathery skin, brownish discoloration, stasis ulcers (superficial with minimal pain), and having hair present.
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Pharmacologic interventions for this condition include vasodilators, antiplatelets, Statin therapy, and Pentoxifylline (Trental) and Cilostazol (Pletal).
a. ) Acute Arterial Insufficiency
b. ) Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
c. ) Acute Venous Insufficiency
d. ) Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Chronic Arterial Insufficiency
