2 - Hematopoietic Stressors (part 2) Flashcards
During a blood transfusion, you want blood to be absorbed within ____ hours of leaving blood bank.
During a blood transfusion, you want blood to be absorbed within 4 hours of leaving blood bank.
Not enough platelets.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Thrombocytopenia
- Not enough platelets
- Coagulation problems
- Bleeding
Manual examination of peripheral smear
Nursing goals:
- Safety of patient
- Shaving, toothbrush, medications
Occurs one to six weeks after a viral illness. Patients bruise easily, and can be mistaken for abuse.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Primary immune or
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Assessment findings:
- Brusing in abnormal areas
- Can be mistaken for abuse
- 1-6 weeks post viral illness.
- Self-limiting
Overproduction of all blood types. Treatment includes blood removal and bone marrow suppression drugs.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Polycythemia VERA
Overporoduction of ALL blood types.
opposite of aplastic anemia
Treatment:
- Blood removal
- Bone marrow suppression drugs
Too many RBCs. Causes sluggish flow of blood and tissue hypoxia. S/S include cyanosis, and a weak or even absent pulse.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Polycythemia
Too many RBCs
- Sluggish flow
- increased clotting (think traffic jam)
- Tissue hypoxia
- High altitude
- Cyanotic, weak/thready/absent pulse
Manual examination of peripheral smear can help detect this condition.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Thrombocytopenia
- Not enough platelets
- Coagulation problems
- Bleeding
Manual examination of peripheral smear
Nursing goals:
- Safety of patient
- Shaving, toothbrush, medications
Clotting Tests
a. ) PT (Prothrombin Time)
b. ) INR (International Normalized Ratio)
c. ) PTT (Partial Prothromboplastin Time)
Abnormal clumps of thickened blood (clots) form inside blood vessels. These abnormal clots use up the blood’s clotting factors, which can lead to massive bleeding in other places. Causes include inflammation, infection, and cancer.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Bleeding and clotting occur at the same time.
In disseminated intravascular coagulation, abnormal clumps of thickened blood (clots) form inside blood vessels.
These abnormal clots use up the blood’s clotting factors, which can lead to massive bleeding in other places.
Causes include inflammation, infection, and cancer.
Blood Transfusion Reactions
Bleeding and clotting occur at the same time.
a. ) Thrombocytopenia
b. ) Primary immune or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
c. ) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
d. ) Polycythemia
e. ) Polycythemia VERA
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Bleeding and clotting occur at the same time.
In disseminated intravascular coagulation, abnormal clumps of thickened blood (clots) form inside blood vessels.
These abnormal clots use up the blood’s clotting factors, which can lead to massive bleeding in other places.
Causes include inflammation, infection, and cancer.
