6 The Human Body Flashcards
shock
abnormal state due to inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells, aka hypoperfusion
small intestine
between the stomach and cecum, which includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
smooth muscle
involuntary muscle
somatic nervous system
regulates activities where there is voluntary control
stroke volume (SV)
volume of blood pumped forward with each ventricular contraction
subcutaneous tissue
mostly fat directly under the dermis that insulates the body
superior vena cava
large vein that carries blood from upper extremities, head, neck, and chest into the heart
symphysis
type of joint that has grown together to form a very stable connection
synovial joint
small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication
systemic circulation
circulation outside the heart and lungs
systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
resistance blood must overcome to be able to move within the blood vessels, affected by dilation and constriction in blood vessels
systole
a contraction, or period of contraction, in the ventricles
tendons
attaches muscle to bone
thorax
chest cavity that contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and great vessels
thyroid cartilage
Adam’s apple
tidal volume
amount of air moved moved in and out of the lungs in one relaxed breath, roughly 500 ml in an adult
tunica media
middle and thickest layer of tissue in blood vessel wall composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle that allow it to expand or contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand
ventilation
movement of air between the lungs and the environment
voluntary muscle
skeletal or striated muscle that can be under control at will
V/Q ratio
measurement examining how much gas is being moved effectively and how much blood is flowing around the alveoli where gas exchange occurs
