6 - Social behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

Interpersonal attraction

A

-platonic or romantic

Factors

  • Similarity
  • those we feel comfortable self-disclosing- express backstage self, liberating
  • Reciprocity- we like ppl more when we feel like they like us
  • Proximity- could be physical but w/ technology, also just how much communication you have w/ them
  • —-familiarity effect = MERE-EXPOSURE effect- the more you’re exposed to something or the more you experience it, the more you’re gonna like it
  • golden ratio: 1.618 : 1 -ratio of rectangles or items to one another that is most beautiful
  • -people are attracted to people w/ certain body proportions
  • —Mona Lisa
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2
Q

Aggression

A
  • cause harm or increase social dominance; threats
  • physical or verbal or nonverbal
  • assault = say “I’m gonna punch you”
  • battery = I punched you

Biological factors- when we are threatened, fight or flight

  • amygdala and hypothalamus kick in
  • prefrontal cortex helps us control those impulses/fear and prevent aggression
  • amygdala is fear, rage, and association of stimuli w/ punishments and rewards
  • high testosterone
  • Psych and situational factors
  • –cognitive neoassociation model- we respond w/ aggression more often when we aren’t feeling great- when we’re angry, tired, hungry, in pain
  • –modeled w/ Bobo doll
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3
Q

Attachment

A

-How you relate to others with whom you’re bonded— caregiver and child

secure = explore environment w/ respect to where mom is
Strange situation expt- when parent leaves room, baby cries; if parent comes back and kid is consolable right away and prefers caregiver- securely attached

INSECURE:
Avoidant- happy mom is back but doesn’t interact w/ parent; ignores parent
-if stranger leaves and comes back, no difference when parent leaves and comes back

Ambivalent/Anxious-Ambivalent- child is inconsolable, angry; mixed response when caregiver returns

Disorganized attachment- child reacts in dif ways; no pattern; confused
Can be a red flag of abuse - physicians are mandated reporters

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4
Q

Social support

A

social support – emotional support, material/tangible support, informational support, network support (group hug, you belong, AA)

  • w/in network, you have individuals that can support you
  • emotional support (listen, empathize), esteem support (“you’re doing great!”)
  • tangible support- give you money or things
  • informational support- providing helpful info
  • network support- give someone a sense of belonging in a group

–more support = less likely to get stressed, less stress when something bad happens, less likely to die when sick

Social stratification- people who are poor have less social support than people who are rich

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5
Q

Foraging

A

lateral hypothalamus promotes hunger- drives foraging behavior
cognitive component- know where to find food, memory, spatial awareness
Group foraging is learned

LH damaged = lose hunger
VMH damaged = become very much hungry
AH damaged = asexual

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6
Q

Mating

A

Mate choice based on different things
1- phenotypic benefits– demonstrate that animal has good genes- ex) body size

2- sensory bias

  • -guppies eat orange fruit, males look orange so when females come thinking its food males can rape them
  • —the competitive sex is mainly males, and they take advantage of something females are attracted to anyways to lure females in

3- Fisherian/runaway selection

  • -M peacock had longer plumage/feathers than his brethen, and female liked him more, so offspring carry genes for longer feathers AND genes to be attracted to longer feathers
  • through successive generations, trait gets more pronounced + attraction for it gets more pronounced, too
  • result: peacocks have long feathers

4- Indicator traits

  • Peacock has ability to survive even with really long tail (which makes it harder to evade predators)
  • -I can waste money on this super expensive car and still afford to live, I must be able to tc of you too

5- Genetic compatability

  • smell signals immune response compatability- different enough to have diverse immune children
  • sweaty T-shirt experiment

Monogamy, Polygamy = Polygyny (M) or Polyandry (F), Promiscuity

Mate choice = intersexual selection - based on attraction

  • mate bias = how choosy they are
  • direct and indirect benefits
  • 5 mechanisms of mate choice = phenotypic benefits, sensory bias, Fisherian/runaway selection, indicator traits, genetic compatibility
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7
Q

Altruism

A

Empathy-altruism hypothesis - individual helps when feels empathy, regardless of cost

-person’s intent is to help or benefit someone else
—at your own cost- why would this evolve?
Explained by GAME THEORY

  • explains decision-making
  • evolutionary stable strategy (ESS)- resistant to change from an outside force
    ex) if we’re a society of liars and an altruistic comes in, he’s gonna be eaten alive; altruism is not gonna catch on; deception is the ESS

Hawk-dove game

  • if 2 hawks meet for a food resource, they’ll fight, one wins, both incur a cost
  • 2 doves- split
  • one hawk one dove- dove leaves
  • –need a balance of cost and resource
  • —–if hawk either gets a scratch or always wins, it’s better to be a hawk
  • —–if 2 hawks will just kill e/o, it’s better to be a dove
  • —-there’s a balance in # of hawks and doves based on this balance and it will stay here (based on how many times they interact w/ e/o)- ESS

Nash equilibrium- interaction b/w 2 ppl playing a game/interaction- they cannot do better by changing strategies
ex) rock-paper-scissors
terrible strategy = always choosing rock
Best strategy = be random – this strategy is in Nash equilibrium bc it is the best strategy for me, and if I try to change my strategy I can only do worse

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8
Q

Social factors can create new strategy

A

-new person comes and their behavior actually dominates

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9
Q

Altruism

A

-reciprocal altruism- I help you now, you help me later
-helping relatives- inclusive fitness
(normal fitness = kids)
—help my children and siblings b/c they have 1/2 my genes
—-if reward is worth more than 2x the cost I incur, it’s worth it

altruism: I help you at a cost to me
cooperation: I help you and it helps me too
Spite: I hurt you but it hurts me too
Selfishness: I hurt you but it helps me

Group selection- natural selection acts on groups
–inclusive fitness shies away from this

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